Abstract
Skeletal muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs), also called myogenic progenitors, have been studied extensively in recent years because of their promising therapeutic potential to preserve and recover skeletal muscle mass and function in patients with cachexia, sarcopenia, and neuromuscular diseases. SMPCs can be utilized to investigate the mechanisms of natural and pathological myogenesis via in vitro modeling and in vivo experimentation. While various types of SMPCs are currently available from several sources, human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer an efficient and cost-effective method to derive SMPCs. As human PSC-derived cells often display varying heterogeneity in cell types, cell enrichment using cell surface markers remains a critical step in current procedures to establish a pure population of SMPCs. Here we summarize the cell surface markers currently being used to detect human SMPCs, describing their potential application for characterizing, identifying and isolating human PSC-derived SMPCs. To date, several positive and negative markers have been used to enrich human SMPCs from differentiated PSCs by cell sorting. A careful analysis of current findings can broaden our understanding and reveal potential uses for these surface markers with SMPCs.
Highlights
The most pronounced symptom of neuromuscular disorders is loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which causes functional decline and loss of independence in patients (Morrison, 2016; Mary et al, 2018)
This study indicates that CD29 should be used in combination with other markers to define human SMPCs, as satellite cells but the myofiber and some non-muscle cells within skeletal muscle tissue expressed CD29 (Xu et al, 2015)
A number of studies reported that CD90 expression was detected in SMPCs derived from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) (Darabi et al, 2012), adult muscle (Morosetti et al, 2006; Dellavalle et al, 2007; Zheng et al, 2007; Proksch et al, 2009; Lecourt et al, 2010; Pisani et al, 2010b; Woodard et al, 2014; Uezumi et al, 2016; Lorant et al, 2018), and fetal muscle (Crisan et al, 2008; Castiglioni et al, 2014)
Summary
The most pronounced symptom of neuromuscular disorders is loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which causes functional decline and loss of independence in patients (Morrison, 2016; Mary et al, 2018).
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