Abstract
BackgroundFish fillet consumption is associated with beneficial health effects; however, little is known about whether consuming other parts of the fish such as head, backbone, skin, cut-offs, and entrails (collectively known as residuals) will provide comparable effects.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate if daily supplementation with cod residual protein powder would impact lipid metabolism in healthy adults.MethodsForty healthy, lean, physically active participants (18 women, 22 men) with normal body mass index consumed 8.1 g of proteins daily from cod residual protein powder (Cod-RP) or placebo (control) for 8 weeks.ResultsCod residual protein powder supplementation lowered fasting serum nonesterified fatty acids and increased serum total bile acid concentrations significantly when compared with control supplementation. Fasting serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein (Apo) B concentrations, as well as the total cholesterol:high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and ApoB:ApoA1 ratios, were significantly decreased within the Cod-RP group, but these changes were not different from the control group. Fasting serum concentrations of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and ApoA1 were not changed within or between groups.ConclusionEight weeks of daily supplementation with 8.1 g Cod-RP seems to be sufficient to affect lipid metabolism in healthy, lean, physically active adults.
Highlights
Fish fillet consumption is associated with beneficial health effects; little is known about whether consuming other parts of the fish such as head, backbone, skin, cut-offs, and entrails will provide comparable effects
Two studies with resemblance to the current study have investigated the effects of 8 weeks of protein supplements from cod fillet [9] or cod residuals [18] on glucose regulation, nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration, and/or lipid metabolism in adults with overweight or obesity
Here we show that 8 weeks of cod residual protein supplementation (8.1 g/day) lowered serum concentration of NEFA and increased serum total bile acids (TBA) concentration compared with placebo supplementation, suggesting that cod residuals may have effects beyond being a source of proteins
Summary
Fish fillet consumption is associated with beneficial health effects; little is known about whether consuming other parts of the fish such as head, backbone, skin, cut-offs, and entrails (collectively known as residuals) will provide comparable effects. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate if daily supplementation with cod residual protein powder would impact lipid metabolism in healthy adults. Methods: Forty healthy, lean, physically active participants (18 women, 22 men) with normal body mass index consumed 8.1 g of proteins daily from cod residual protein powder (Cod-RP) or placebo (control) for 8 weeks. Results: Cod residual protein powder supplementation lowered fasting serum nonesterified fatty acids and increased serum total bile acid concentrations significantly when compared with control supplementation. Fasting serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein (Apo) B concentrations, as well as the total cholesterol:high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and ApoB:ApoA1 ratios, were significantly decreased within the Cod-RP group, but these changes were not different from the control group. Conclusion: Eight weeks of daily supplementation with 8.1 g Cod-RP seems to be sufficient to affect lipid metabolism in healthy, lean, physically active adults.
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