Abstract
A rapid, selective and sensitive method for the preconcentration and determination of uranium (VI) by cloud point extraction (CPE) was developed. The method was based on the color reaction of 5.00 ng mL uranium (VI) with 1.5×10 mol L of chromotrope 2R in the presence of 0.015 mol L potassium iodide at pH 8 in HEPES buffer and mixed micelle-mediated extraction of complex. The mixture of a nonionic surfactant (0.2 % (v/v) of (Triton X-114) and a cationic (2.0×10 mol L of CTAB) was utilized as a suitable micellar medium for preconcentration and extraction of uranium (VI) complexes. Effect of extraction and reaction parameters was studied and optimum parameters were established. The analytical characteristics of the method (e.g. linear range, limit of detection, preconcentration and improvement factors) were obtained. Linearity was obeyed in the range of 0.2−10 ng mL of uranium (VI) with a detection limit of 0.035 ng mL. The diverse ion effect of some anions and cations on the extraction efficiency of target ions was tested. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of uranium (VI) in various water samples. (doi: 10.5562/cca1922)
Highlights
Uranium poses health risks because of its toxicity, primarily to the kidneys, and is known to cause acute renal failure as well as delayed kidney problems.[1]
The chromotrope 2R (CTR) (Scheme 1) is a dye derived from the chromotropeic acid and has been used as complexing agent for uranium[30] U(IV) reacts with CTR and form a negative charge complex (ML2) which in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) can subsequently be trapped in the surfactant micelles (e.g. Triton X-114) and separated from the aqueous phase
The chromotrope 2R (CTR) is a dye derived from the chromotropeic acid
Summary
Uranium poses health risks because of its toxicity, primarily to the kidneys, and is known to cause acute renal failure as well as delayed (several weeks or months) kidney problems.[1]. The maximum allowed concentration of uranium in drinking water is 20 μg per liter. Highly sensitive methods are required for preconcentration and determination of uranium in water samples.[4,5] conventional spectrometric analytical techniques such as flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) cannot be used for determination of trace amounts of uranium. Low sensitivity,[6,7] the problem with the pyrolysis temperature[6], uranium carbides formation in a graphite furnace[8] are drawbacks of these methods. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a good alternative for the determination of uranium at low concentrations but is very expensive
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