Abstract
In the in situ arrested perfused heart left ventricular overdistention does not invariably occur. This has been shown to be the consequence of pulmonary valvular insufficiency permitting decompression by means of reverse flow from the left atrium through the pulmonary capillary bed to the right atrium. The clinical successes of closed-chest cardiopulmonary bypass in humans could in part be explained on this basis. A percutaneous method for rendering the pulmonary valve open was devised. The variations and limitations of extracorporeal circulation in closed-chest hypothermic dogs was evaluated in reference to left atrial pressure. The studies included the role of perfusion pressure and the effects of vasoactive drugs.
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