Abstract
Background: Thrombocytopenia can occur in a variety of clinical conditions. Bone marrow aspiration is crucial for diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of thrombocytopenia, its spectrum, and how to interpret the results of bone marrow aspiration.
 Aim & Objectives: To study the cases of thrombocytopenia on the basis of bone marrow examination for correlation of bone marrow findings with clinical features, haematological parameters and other investigations in cases of thrombocytopenia. Secondary objective is to investigate the role of morphological examination of bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy in diagnosis of various disorders leading to thrombocytopenia.
 Results: The cross-sectional prospective study lasted two years, from May 2019 to May 2021, at a tertiary care centre where clinico-haematological evaluation of patients with thrombocytopenia was done on the basis of bone marrow examination. A total of 103 cases with thrombocytopenia underwent bone marrow examination of which most patients belonged to the age group of 41-50 with a male preponderance. Majority of the patients presented with generalized weakness and pallor. Megaloblastic anaemia was the most predominant cause followed by acute myeloid leukemia and dimorphic anaemia. More research into the pathogenesis of megakaryocytic alteration and its contribution to thrombocytopenia could lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of a variety of hematopoietic disorders and the identification of broader clinical applications.
Highlights
Thrombocytopenia is defined as a reduction in the peripheral blood platelet count below the lower normal limit of 1.5L/cu.mm [1]
The role of bone marrow aspiration in thrombocytopenic patients is to rule out haematological diseases like leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome in adults
The study was a 2-year cross-sectional, prospective study of clinico-haematological evaluation of cases of thrombocytopenia based on bone marrow examination in the haematology section of our hospital which is a tertiary care centre
Summary
Thrombocytopenia is defined as a reduction in the peripheral blood platelet count below the lower normal limit of 1.5L/cu.mm [1]. Despite the diversity of disorders associated etiologically, thrombocytopenia results from four mechanisms: Artefactual thrombocytopenia, deficient platelet production, accelerated platelet destruction and abnormal distribution or pooling of the platelets within the body [2]. It is the commonest cause of abnormal bleeding. Secondary objective is to investigate the role of morphological examination of bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy in diagnosis of various disorders leading to thrombocytopenia. Results: The cross-sectional prospective study lasted two years, from May 2019 to May 2021, at a tertiary care centre where clinico-haematological evaluation of patients with thrombocytopenia was done on the basis of bone marrow examination.
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