Abstract
Background: Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in left main coronary artery (LMCA) requires special concern, being high risk and increasing patient population. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile, angiographic status, and prevalence of restenosis in patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in LMCA. Materials and Methods: This observational cohort study included 17 patients who underwent PTCA in LMCA during one-year study period at tertiary care centers in Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India. Data including various risk factors, clinical and angiographic details, stent used, procedural complications and outcomes including rate of restenosis were analyzed. Results: A total of 17 patients (mean age 53.88 ± 9.80 years) with 76.47% of males were included in the study. Smoking and hypertension were the most common risk factors presented in 52.94% and 47.06% of patients respectively. Single vessel disease (SVD) of LMCA was the most common pattern observed in 47.10%; the rate of restenosis was observed in 11.76% patients. Revascularization was performed in one patient (5.88%) with coronary artery bypass graft and in one patient (5.88%) with PTCA using drug eluting stent (DES). The overall procedural success was 88.24% in this study. Survival rate was 100% at one-year follow-up period. Conclusion: Our study involved patients who underwent PTCA in LMCA, showed smoking as a most prevalent risk factor for coronary artery disease and SVD as a most common pattern, comparatively low rate of restenosis and 100% of survival rate at one-year follow-up period.
Highlights
An epidemiological transition leads to increasing mortality from coronary artery disease (CAD) in developing countries, in contrast to developed countries [1]
Single vessel disease (SVD) of left main coronary artery (LMCA) was the most common pattern observed in 47.10%; the rate of restenosis was observed in 11.76% patients
We included patients who met the following inclusion criteria: 1) patients either male or female who falls into the age category of 18 - 70 years; and 2) patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) to LMCA during the study period of 1-year at study centre irrespective of their clinical presentation viz. chronic stable angina, unstable angina (UA), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
Summary
An epidemiological transition leads to increasing mortality from coronary artery disease (CAD) in developing countries, in contrast to developed countries [1]. The government medical college, Kozhikode, India is a high-volume center for coronary interventions performing more than 1000 surgical procedures per year and well equipped cardiac catheterization laboratory. Despite this landscape, there is severe paucity of information regarding the angiographic profile, rate of restenosis and well-mannered follow-up in patients undergoing PTCA in LMCA so far, even being a tertiary care center. Conclusion: Our study involved patients who underwent PTCA in LMCA, showed smoking as a most prevalent risk factor for coronary artery disease and SVD as a most common pattern, comparatively low rate of restenosis and 100% of survival rate at one-year follow-up period
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