Abstract
Aim. To reflect the theoretical foundations and create a minimum set of practical skills of diagnostic and treatment interviewing in psychiatry.Materials and methods. To achieve this goal a thematic selection of scientific literature sources of both classical and modern domestic and foreign authors was carried out. In addition, the authors focused on the rich personal experience of interviewing, which allowed choosing and describing the most effective, practically significant methods and methods of clinical diagnosis in psychiatry in the form of psychiatric interviewing.Results. The factors that determine the nature and content of the interview: place, time, participants of the interview – doctor and patient have been described and analyzed. The analytical description of the main psychotechnologies which are used by the psychiatrist (psychotherapist) in the course of interview is given: establishment of contact, technology of hearing of and listening to the patient, technology of asking questions, technology of a pause and silence, technology of tactile contact, technology of using humour, advice, recommendation, interpretation, technology of finishing the interview and its structuring.Conclusion. Clinical interview is the main diagnostic and psychotherapeutic tool of a psychiatrist, and especially of a psychotherapist. The diagnostic effectiveness of a psychiatric interview is determined by the extent to which the information obtained in the course of it is structured into a diagnostic concept, the therapeutic effectiveness is determined by the extent to which the patient accepts the concept of understanding by the doctor of his painful condition (achieved compliance).
Highlights
Основным методом обследования в клиниче- го клинического обследования могут существенно ской психиатрии является опрос
To reflect the theoretical foundations and create a minimum set of practical skills of diagnostic and treatment interviewing in psychiatry
The authors focused on the rich personal experience of interviewing, which allowed choosing and describing the most effective, practically significant methods and methods of clinical diagnosis in psychiatry in the form of psychiatric interviewing
Summary
Для выполнения поставленной цели был осуществлен тематический отбор научных литературных источников как классических отечественных и зарубежных авторов, так и современных. Авторы ориентировались на богатый личный опыт интервьюирования, который позволил выбрать и описать наиболее эффективные, практически значимые приемы и методы клинической диагностики в психиатрии в форме психиатрического интервьюирования. Приводится аналитическое описание основных психотехнологий, которые использует врач психиатр (психотерапевт) в процессе интервью: установление контакта, технологии слушания пациента, технологии задавания вопросов, технологии паузы и молчания, технология тактильного контакта, технология использования юмора, совета, рекомендации, интерпретации, окончания интервью, структурирования интервью. Ключевые слова: врачебная беседа, психиатрическое интервью, психотехнологии интервью, структурирование интервью. Для цитирования: Косенко В.Г., Красильников Г.Т., Агеев М.И., Шулькин Л.М, Косенко Н.А., Гридина Ю.В., Захарова-Макагон Я.А., Исаева Н.В. For citation: Kosenko V.G., Krasilnikov G.T., Ageev M.I., Shulkin l.M., Kosenko N.A., Gridina Yu.V., Zakharova-Makagon Ya.A., Isaeva N.V. Clinical psychiatric interview (lecture).
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