Abstract
Background: Respiratory distress (RD) is a challenging problem and is one of the most common causes of admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
 Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 cases. Term, pre-term and post-term babies both in-borns and out-borns cases were included in the study.
 Results: Of the 50 cases admitted with RD, 31 babies (62%) were delivered vaginally and 19 (38%) by lower segment caesarean section (LSCS). There were 33 (66%) males and 17 (34%) females in the study. There were 23 (46%) pre-term babies, 26 (52%) term and 1 (2%) post-term neonates who were admitted with RD. The majority of cases 42 (82%) presented with increased respiratory rate, chest in drawings. 41 (82%) babies had flaring of alae nasi.
 Conclusion: Increased respiratory rate along with chest in drawing, flaring of alae nasi are the presentation of RD in majority of cases.
 Keywords: Respiratory distress (RD), Flaring of alae nasi are, Tachypnea.
Highlights
Respiratory distress (RD) is a challenging problem and is one of the most common causes of admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).[1]
Of the 50 cases admitted with RD, 31 babies (62%) were delivered vaginally and 19 (38%) by lower segment caesarean section (LSCS)
The majority of cases 42 (82%) presented with increased respiratory rate, chest in drawings. 41 (82%) babies had flaring of alae nasi
Summary
Respiratory distress (RD) is a challenging problem and is one of the most common causes of admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).[1] The neonatal mortality rate varies by state but, overall, it is reported to be 39 a 1000 live births in India.[2] Neonatal period is a very vulnerable period of life due to many problems which can occur. Most of the causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality are preventable.[3] The common causes of RD in neonates includes transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), hyaline membrane disease (HMD), birth asphyxia, pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), and other miscellaneous causes.[4,5]. Global progress toward reducing neonatal deaths that is deaths during the first 28 days of life has been slow and neonatal deaths account for a greater proportion of child deaths than in 1990. It is caused by the delay in the absorption of fluid in the lungs after birth (i.e. excessive lung fluid)
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