Abstract
Purpose To observe the clinical characteristics of 3 pathological types of posterior capsule abnormalities (PCAs) in congenital cataracts (CCs) and evaluate the surgical safety in these eyes. Methods This study involved 239 children (367 eyes) with CC who underwent cataract surgery at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. All surgery videos were collected for detailed reviews. Intraoperative and postoperative complications (within 3 months) were all recorded. Results The 3 pathological types of PCAs, namely, persistent fetal vasculature (PFV), posterior capsule defect (PCD), and posterior lenticonus (PLC), presented in 129 (35.1%) CC eyes, while 238 (64.9%) eyes were recorded as CC without PCA. The percentages of PFV, PCD, and PLC were 10.9%, 26.7%, and 5.4% in CC eyes (n = 367), respectively. The most common concomitant of PFV eyes was PCD (42.5%), and PFV was the most frequent (17.3%) one in PCD eyes. PLC was only associated with PFV (15%) and PCD (50%). The occurrence rates of surgical complications ranged from 0 to 5.4%, and no statistical difference was found between the eyes with and without PCA (all P > 0.05). Conclusions PFV, PCD, and PLC play a very important role in the CCs. The effect of fetal vessels in PFV eyes might be an abnormally strong attachment on the posterior capsule, leading to PLC and PCD. Even in PCA patients, severe surgical complication can also be avoided with well-designed and skilled operation. This trial is registered with NCT03905044 at http://ClinicalTrials.gov.
Highlights
To observe the clinical characteristics of 3 pathological types of posterior capsule abnormalities (PCAs) in congenital cataracts (CCs) and evaluate the surgical safety in these eyes
posterior lenticonus (PLC) was only associated with persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) (15%) and posterior capsule defect (PCD) (50%). e occurrence rates of surgical complications ranged from 0 to 5.4%, and no statistical difference was found between the eyes with and without PCA
E PCAs (PFV + PCD + PLC) presented in 129 (35.1%) CC eyes, while 238 (64.9%) eyes were recorded as CCs without any PCA. e percentages of PFV, PCD, and PLC were 10.9%, 26.7%, and 5.4% in CC eyes (n 367), respectively (Table 1)
Summary
To observe the clinical characteristics of 3 pathological types of posterior capsule abnormalities (PCAs) in congenital cataracts (CCs) and evaluate the surgical safety in these eyes. PFV, PCD, and PLC play a very important role in the CCs. e effect of fetal vessels in PFV eyes might be an abnormally strong attachment on the posterior capsule, leading to PLC and PCD. Several studies [1,2,3] have mentioned the surgical complications in CC eyes with PFV, PCD, or PLC. E present study aims to observe the 3 different pathological types of PCAs in congenital cataracts through surgical videos and learn about their clinical characteristics and corresponding surgical complication risks. We tried to find out some relevance among them, and some successful surgical experience would be shared with our readers
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