Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Immediate Implant Placement With or Without Nanocrystalline Bone Grafting Material in The Facial Gap Distance: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the simultaneous use of nanocrystalline bone grafting material placed in the facial gap distance around immediate dental implants placed in the anterior maxilla and its effect for minimizing the crestal bone loss. Material and methods: Adult patients were eligible for the study if they needed one immediate implant placement (IIP) replacing a tooth to be extracted within the maxillary anterior region. The patients included in the study were divided into two groups; patients in the first group received IIP without grafting material in the gap distance while patients in the second group received IIP simultaneously with nanocrystalline bone in the facial gap distance. Clinical and radiographic assessments were performed before IIP (baseline) and scheduled 4 and 12 months after implant placement. Clinical assessment included bleeding Index (BI) and probing depth (PD). Facial bone height measurements were performed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to measure the crestal bone loss.Results: The means of BI and PD values at the 12 months follow up indicated healthy peri-implant soft tissues for both groups, however higher means of BI and PD were shown in IIP without grafting material when compared to IIP with nanocrystalline bone in the facial gap distance. There was no statistically significant difference in CBL between both groups (p=0.924).Conclusions: The short-term follow-up of 12 months of IIP in the maxillary anterior area revealed successful clinical outcomes as assessed by objective parameters. IIP with or without simultaneous nanocrystalline bone grafting material placed in the facial gap distance around the implants did not prevent crestal bone loss as assessed by CBCT.