Clinical and hormonal status of the women in physiological menopause and with the preserved menstrual function

Abstract

Estrogenic and progesterone receptors are found not only in the tissues of target organs (uterus, ovaries, breast), but also in other tissues as urethra, bladder, pelvic muscles, brain cells, myocardium, the walls of arteries, bones, skin, mouth, throat, conjunctiva and others. They are involved in maintaining normal life critical systems (nervous, cardiovascular, immune, etc.), determining the cellular synthesis of proteins, lipids, energy complexes, the activity of enzyme systems, basic electrolytes balance and activity of life processes in cells. As a result, the estrogen deficiency in menopause and sometimes in premenopausal period leads for various clinical manifestations of this deficiency in the form of disease states. Often they have a distinct character that is as the basis for the classifying them to separate nosological form – climacteric syndrome that manifests neuro-vegetative, psycho-emotional and metabolic-endocrine complexes of symptoms. The clinical and laboratory examinations in 71 patients of the climacteric age were performed to detect the neuro-vegetative imbalance of hormonal status in women with the preserved menopause and preserved menstrual function. The main group included 42 women with physiological menopause an average age of 45.32 years and postmenopause duration of 2.08 year (subgroup Ia, n = 22) and 4,32 years (subgroup Ib, n = 20); control group included 29 women with retained physiological menstrual cycle an average age of 44.69 years. These women conducted a comprehensive examination, hormonal studies, instrumental examination (ultrasound study of genitals, thyroid and breast, colposcopy). The severity of climacteric syndrome was determined by Kupperman menopausal index in EV Uvarova modification. It was established that intensity of the neurovegetative syndrome symptoms decrease in 6.8% with increasing duration of menopausal. Steroid concentrations and hypothalamic hormones value depending on menopause duration and their levels changes in depending on the hypoestrogenia duration.