Clinical and histopathological profile of oral cancer: a quadrennial analysis of Regional Cancer Centre of Odisha, India.

Abstract

To contribute toward the identification of population-based clinical and histopathological profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), this study was undertaken at the Regional Cancer Centre of Odisha (AHRCC), India. This retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with OSCC registered at AHRCC, Odisha from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2018. Demographic, clinical, and pathological data of each patient were retrieved from patient records. Patients with incomplete records were excluded. No postoperative treatment details were collected. The study included 851 cases of OSCC with the mean age of the population found to be 53.8±14.2 years. Male to female ratio was found to be 2.18:1. Gingivobuccal complex was the most common site of OSCC. While 679 patients were reported to undergo incision biopsy only 172 patients underwent excision biopsy in four years. Well differentiation (n=782) is the most common histological grading. The median clinical size of the tumour was 4 cm. Upon analyzing histological parameters in excision specimens lymphovascular and perineural invasion were seen in 38 and 26 cases, respectively. Cervical lymph node metastasis was seen in 42 cases out of 172 excision specimens (24%). 63.23% of cases presented with a depth of invasion between 5 to 10 mm. This is the largest comprehensive data from the regional cancer center of Odisha population which highlights the demographic, clinical, and histopathological data reported to date.