Abstract
To analyze the risk factors and prognosis related to early post-traumatic epilepsy (EPTE). One hundred and eighty-six patients with traumatic brain injury were enrolled. Their full clinical data were collected. Single factor analysis and logistic regression analysis of risk factors related to EPTE were performed. The prognosis of patients was determined. Single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences of age (p = 0.011), epilepsy history (p < 0.001), injury site (p = 0.004), injury type (p < 0.001) and injury degree (p < 0.001) between the EPTE group (40 patients) and non-EPTE group (146 patients). Logistic regression analysis showed that the injury site, injury type and injury degree were the main risk factors for EPTE. The odds ratio values of injury site, injury type and injury degree were 1.977 (1.473-2.679), 2.096 (1.543-2.842) and 2.376 (1.864-3.609), respectively. The logistic regression equation was P = Exp (-1.473 + 0.698 × injury site + 0.717 × injury type + 0.935 × injury degree). The sensitivity and specificity of injury site, injury type and injury degree for predicting EPTE were 79.2% and 80.5%, 78.9% and 85.7% and 84.2% and 81.0%, respectively. The analysis of prognosis showed that the Glasgow Outcome Scale/Activity of Daily Living Scale scores in the EPTE group were significantly lower than those in non-EPTE group (p < 0.05). Injury site, injury type and injury degree are the main risk factors for EPTE. The prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury can be affected by EPTE.
Highlights
The single factor analysis on variables related to epilepsy showed that there were significant differences of age (p = 0.011), epilepsy history (p < 0.001), injury site (p = 0.004), injury type (p < 0.001) and injury degree (p < 0.001) between the two groups
Results of logistic regression analysis The significant variables in single factor analysis, including age, epilepsy history, injury site, injury type and injury degree were assigned to the data (Table 2), and the logistic regression analysis was performed
The results showed that the injury site, injury type and injury degree were the main risk factors for early post-traumatic epilepsy (EPTE)
Summary
Post-traumatic epilepsy (EPTE) often occurs during hospitalization in patients with brain injury. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 186 patients with traumatic brain injury, and analyzed the risk factors and prognosis of EPTE. In the EPTE group, 18 patients had a history of epilepsy, 34 patients had injury at the temporal/parietal lobe, with six patients having injury in other areas; six patients had a closed injury, and 34 patients had an open injury; and there were 140 patients with a mild/moderate injury, and 46 patients with severe injury.
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