Abstract
This study presents the preliminary magnetic results from analyses ofthe Quaternary red-soils and the fine grain sediments within the underlyingconglomerate bed of the Linkou Terrace in northern Taiwan.Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that the fine grain sedimentstaken from the conglomerate bed have extremely low susceptibilitiesrelative to those of the red-soils.This phenomenon suggests that the sourceof the red-soil probably did not originate from the weathering of the conglomeratebed.From both paleomagnetic and rock magnetic results,it isthought that the red-soil bed was deposited during the period between theJaramillo normal event and the Brunhes normal epoch,or later.Stratigraphic variations of magnetic susceptibility of the red-soilsamples before and after CBD(citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite)treatmentshow the same trend:the lower part of the red-soil bed has values abouttwo times higher than those of the upper part.In addition,susceptibility ofthe upper part after CBD treatment has been reduced by more than 60%,but that of the lower part only has been reduced by less than 40%.It isknown that CBD treatment can resolve hematite,goethite and ultra finegrainedmagnetite.So,the results of this study might suggest that the upperpart has much more soil development and lateritization than the lower part.Furthermore,the major(and possibly the original)magnetic mineral ofthe red-soil is magnetite.In the area neighboring the Linkou Terrace to the north,there was alot of volcanic activity during the early Quaternary.Magnetite has beenidentified as the major magnetic mineral of the volcanic rocks.Thus,it isproposed that the source of the red-soil bed in the Linkou area developed,at least partly,from the volcanic rocks.In addition,the boundary betweenthe two groups,with distinct very different magnetic susceptibilities,mightbe used as an indicator for stratigraphic correlation in the study area.
Highlights
For any meteorological operational center, such as the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) in Taiwan, one of the major missions is to issue weather forecasts
This study documents the climate characteristics of the Global Forecast System (GFS), which is an atmospheric general circulation model developed at the Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan
The characteristics of winter (December-February) and summer (June-August) climatologies are presented from a 2-year control simulation conducted with the GFS
Summary
For any meteorological operational center, such as the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) in Taiwan, one of the major missions is to issue weather forecasts. Systematic biases are commonly found between the model's atmospheric states and actual atmospheric states Such biases become more evident as the numerical predictions or simulations are integrated into time scales longer than medium range (1-2 weeks). This is because the climatological balance of the forecast system becomes prima rily important in determining the model regime in these time scales (Hollingsworth et al, 1980; Bengtsson and Simmons 1983). Since the 1980s, the CWB started to develop an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM), namely the Global Forecast System (GFS). Climate characteristics of the zonal-mean state and atmospheric circulation simulated by the GFS are examined in Sections 5 and 6, respectively.
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