Climate change mitigation and adaptation measures for the Gulf of Gdańsk region in relation to sea threats

Climate change affects both mental and physical health. Besides limiting the extent and consequences of climate change, mitigation and adaptation measures can have additional and potentially unintended health impacts. This scoping review outlines how health effects of climate mitigation and adaptation measures have been studied in the scientific literature. We conducted a systematic literature search in the databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science without time restriction. All peer-reviewed articles reporting quantified health impacts linked to specific climate change adaptation and mitigation measures were included. Overall, the 89 included articles considered only a narrow range of health determinants and health outcomes. Adaptation- and mitigation-related articles most frequently investigated the environmental health determinants air temperature and air pollution, respectively. Non-communicable diseases were predominantly studied while other relevant health outcome categories, such as mental health, food- and nutrition-related issues, and communicable diseases were rarely reported. The scarcity of studies focusing on the social health determinants and providing stratified health impacts among vulnerable population groups in assessments points to an inadequate consideration of health equity aspects. Increased efforts to quantify health impacts more comprehensively and to identify underlying vulnerability factors among specific population groups seem needed. This information could provide policymakers with more accurate evidence to address health equity aspects, limit adverse health impacts and promote health co-benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation measures.

Climate change refers to future fluctuations of temperature, precipitation, wind and alternative components of Earth’s climate system. Global climate change within the style of higher temperature, reduced downfall, and inflated downfall variability reduces crop yield and threatens food security in low financial gain and agriculture primarily based economies. Ethiopia is one of the most vulnerable countries experiencing drought and floods as a result of climate variability and change. The general objective of this review is to administer and summary on adaptation and mitigation measures initiative in Ethiopia in response to climate change. In Ethiopia the foremost vulnerable sectors to global climate change and variability are agriculture, road, water energy and health. Thus Mitigation and adaptation measures pursued to effectively address climate change. In Ethiopian farming communities have important indigenous knowledge, skills and technologies that are essential for tackling hazardous environmental conditions including climate variability and change. They employ a number of short- and long-term climate change mitigation and adaptation measures to cope with and overcome the impacts of climate variability and change. On the opposite hand, Ethiopia has shown both conservation and policy responses to combat climate change. Protected area systems, a forestation and reforestation programmes, renewable energy sources and energy efficiency, ecological agriculture, flexible livestock production, agro forestry systems, harvesting and climate change education, are all feasible strategies for mitigating and adapting climate change.

TikTok is a social media platform that has gained immense popularity worldwide due to its short-form videos. With its increasing user-base in Nigeria, TikTok can be an effective tool to promote public awareness and engagement in climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. However, there is limited research on the effectiveness of TikTok in promoting these measures in Nigeria. The objective of this library research study was to investigate the effectiveness of TikTok in promoting public awareness and engagement in climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in Nigeria. The study aimed to explore the various ways TikTok can be utilized to increase public engagement and inspire action towards climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in Nigeria, as well as identify the limitations and challenges associated with its use in Nigeria. Anchored on the Uses and Gratifications theory, the study employed a systematic review of literature published on TikTok videos related to climate change in Nigeria. The study's findings indicate that TikTok can be an effective tool in promoting public awareness and engagement in climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in Nigeria. TikTok can increase public engagement as it offers a visual and interactive medium of conveying information effectively. The study identified successful strategies for creating climate change-related content and specific features of TikTok that can be useful in promoting climate change awareness. However, the study also identified limitations associated with the use of TikTok in Nigeria, including limited access to the internet and smartphones, low levels of literacy, and lack of expertise in content creation. The study concludes that TikTok can be an effective tool in promoting public awareness and engagement in climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in Nigeria.

Global community has been witnessing increases in atmospheric temperature along with climate variability and change. Human activities are primarily responsible causing temperature raise consequently having weather related extreme events. Nepal, being diverse topography and climatic zones, experiencing severe impact of climate change. Rapid melting of ice in Himalaya region, bio diversity loss, drought and heavy rainfall are becoming regular phenomena in the recent past. The climate variability and change causing climate induced disasters impacting livelihoods of rural population of Nepal. Mitigation and adaptation measures initiated at local level play a pivotal role in reducing impact of climate change. The mitigation and adaptation measures could be initiated after having thorough understanding of community people about their perception on this. For this, education of local community may maximize their understanding which play a critical role in shaping their knowledge, perception and understanding about climate change, its impact and mitigation and adaptation measures. In this background, a study was carried out among 428 households of ward no 5, 6 &7 of Sarawal Rural Municipality, Nawalparasi West, Nepal. Out of 428, 33.4% were illiterate, 26.2 literate (informational education), 26.9% primary (up to 8 class) and 13.6% were high school and above. The main purpose of this study was to better understand about perception of study population on climate change mitigation and adaptation measures which could be initiated at local level. The study was designed in 5-point Likert scale having eight different mitigation and adaptation measures. A null hypothesis was formulated for this study indicating that there is no direct association between level of education and community perception about climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. The findings of study denote that there is association between perception of climate change mitigation measures and level of education. While comparing the educational level and their response, p-value is <0.05, indicating that it is statistically significant meaning there is a significant association between education and their level of understanding thus null hypothesis is rejected.

Climate change is posing significant challenges in the world and is severely impacting economies, food security, and livelihoods of vulnerable countries, including Togo. Our work aimed to review climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in Togo's agricultural sector. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach was used to retain Twenty-seven articles in this review. Results showed that climate risks that are severely impacting negatively the agriculture sector in Togo are droughts, floods, coastal erosion, and strong winds. At the strategic level, the climate change adaptation and mitigation measures have been taken into consideration in the National Adaptation Plans, and Nationally Determined Contribution. At operational level, adaptation measures in farming systems include, crop diversification, changing planting dates, adopting short-cycle varieties, access to credit, extension services, education, and off-farm job opportunities; While mitigation measures were, soil fertility management techniques, organic fertilizer application, crop rotation, intercropping, and cover cropping which at the same time can optimize carbon sequestration efficiency and improve soil health. Fishermen adapt through economic diversification, changing fishing grounds, and adjusting fishing times. Even though little research is conducted on climate change mitigation technologies, some mitigation measures have been reported in the coastal region of Togo, including mangrove restoration, building green infrastructures using appropriate tree species planting along the coastal region. In the livestock sector, methane mitigation includes improved feed quality, dietary lipids, concentrate feeds for ruminants, and animal excrements management. However, few studies have been carried out on adaptation and mitigation technologies in livestock systems. The level of adoption of climate-smart agriculture is still low, given the low level of mobilization of climate-related financial resources at the national level. Togo still needs to make enormous efforts to provide better support to small-scale producers to ensure wider adoption of climate-smart technologies in the agricultural sector in Togo.

Climate change presents the international community with an environmental process that is both challenging to monitor and foresee and requires a complex legal and regulatory framework capable of promoting mitigation and adaptation. In the absence of comprehensive and targeted international climate change legislation, however, some mitigation and adaptation measures are being adopted and implemented through indirect policymaking and regulation. International environmental treaties and customary international environmental laws and principles not specifically focused on climate change may nonetheless indirectly or unintentionally contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts through administration or enforcement of the legal regime. The crucial role that the water cycle plays in climatic processes, however, makes international freshwater and ocean laws and policies a particularly rich source of indirect climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. This chapter analyzes the international legal regimes regulating freshwater resources and ocean and marine resources with an eye toward mechanisms that contribute to – or detract from – climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. I find that potential for regulation of climate change is greatest when treaties are focused on discrete environmental issues such as wetland conservation and pollution from ships, while comprehensive treaties like the Watercourses Convention and the Convention on the Law of the Sea make less tangible contributions to indirect climate change regulation by reinforcing principles of international law that require states to take collective action on international environmental challenges such as climate change.

Trade-offs and conflicts between urban climate change mitigation and adaptation measures: A literature review

Planning for climate change mitigation/adaptation for enhancing urban resilience against natural disaster risks is an important issue in Japan. For such planning to be effective, studies suggest that it is important to consider the interaction (co-benefits and trade-offs) between adaptation and mitigation measures. For example, climate change mitigation and adaptation measures could be compatible if our government got people to move from flood prone areas with considering urban structure (e.g., compact city). In order to simulate the effectiveness of such interactions, we propose an integrated assessment model for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions under several urban land-use scenarios considering (i) urban form (dispersion/compact city) (ii) urban resilience (adaptation to flood risks) and (iii) diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs) and photovoltaic (PV) panels at a local town level in Tokyo. The developed model can be used to evaluate the co-benefits of both mitigation and adaptation measures from the viewpoint of CO2 emissions. Indirect emissions based on households’ expenditure are also estimated in addition to direct emissions. The obtained results suggest that climate change mitigation and adaptation can generate a synergistic effect from the viewpoint of CO2 emissions.

Climate change is at the forefront of discourse in the 21st century, which is assuming alarming dimensions year in year out. Climate change specialists have repeatedly pointed out that a solution to climate change problem will require climate change awareness and its proper understanding. This requires the concerted effort of climate change extension agents who will ensure that the necessary attitudinal change required for positive climate change behaviour is achieved. In spite of the attention climate change has attracted lately and the attendant general debate, the relevance of environmental professionals in mitigating climate change and in climate change extension remains comparatively unexplored issue especially in the realm of policy making. The study assessed environmental professional’s perception on the usefulness of awareness and knowledge of climate change. One hundred and ten environmental professionals were selected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Knowledge and awareness of climate change is potentially helpful to the environmental professionals personally and in climate change extension. Gender did not significantly determine opinion on the usefulness of knowledge and awareness of climate change. Climate change education should be delivered along lifelong learning approach. Environmental professionals should be exposed to regular in-service and on the job training on climate change issues. They should be adequately groomed in andragogical skills. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2013.v4n3p61

Co-benefits and synergies between urban climate change mitigation and adaptation measures: A literature review

Climate change refers to any long-term significant change in the average weather that a given region experiences. It upsets seasonal cycles, destroys ecosystems and water supply, causes sea levels to rise and affects agriculture and food production. The changes are already visible in Nigeria. Combating climate change can come by way of mitigation and adaptation measures. Researchers are intensifying effort at developing new strains of crops that would withstand impacts of extreme weather condition. Other adaptation measures include shifts in planting time. The adaptation measures proffered involve cost on the part of the farmers. The resources required for the acquisition and adaptation of the measures are beyond the reach of the farmers. Policy thrust, objectives and strategies of three policy documents were investigated to determine their provisions for farmers’ financing of the coping strategies for climate change. The policy documents are the microfinance policy regulatory and supervisory framework, the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) and the Nigeria’s First National Communication. It was found that Nigeria climate change adaptation and mitigation measures are not equally matched with climate change compliant microfinance delivery mechanism. It is recommended that climate change tax be introduced as a resource envelop in aid of cost of coping with extreme weather events. Key words: Climate change, adaptation, mitigation, micro finance delivery, climate change tax.

Climate change is a current and globally significant issue. Many countries are working together with international agreements, developing strategies to mitigate the impacts it can generate. In Peru, public knowledge regarding climate change adaptation and mitigation measures has been a topic of great national interest but is also somewhat unknown or outdated. The aim of this study was to assess people's level of understanding regarding this subject. The methodology employed was quantitative, using surveys administered to citizens to analyze their perceptions of climate change measures. The results revealed that almost 80% of them have received information about climate change, but 95.9% think that climate change is real, so above 15% of the participants evenwithout getting information about this global issue have a notion about it,36.6% of the participants did not know about the Peruvian participation in the Paris Agreements as well as the Peruvian law of climate change where around 30% of surveyed are notaware of the regulation gave by Peruvian law, above of 60% of the participants did not know about Peruvian initiatives and actions linked to those measures. Lastly, above 60% of the participants think they are not involved in the adaptation and mitigationprocess. Also, above 90% of the participants have perceived a temperature rise. Finally, it is advisable to analyze the awareness programs implemented by the government to convey information about climate change adaptation and mitigation measures and keep studying regarding local-level climate change awareness.

Climate change poses a significant threat to human life and wellbeing worldwide. Extreme weather events like heatwaves, storms or floods can have adverse impacts on health, as can many other factors influenced by climate change, such as allergens, UV radiation and vector-borne diseases. In order to support the action needed to protect and promote health and wellbeing, many National Public Health Institutes (NPHIs) aim to keep relevant stakeholders informed on the scientific evidence of the impacts of climate change on health. Reports that synthesise the evidence can help in the development of suitable and health-relevant climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. In this workshop, European Environment Agency assessments on climate and health are presented, including the European Climate Risk Assessment Report and recent outputs of the European Climate and Health Observatory. Next, three NPHIs introduce their recent national reports on the impact of climate change on health, sharing lessons learned and valuable insights into their content, process and reception, highlighting similarities and differences. The workshop will feature presentations by NPHIs from the United Kingdom (UK Health Security Agency), Germany (Robert Koch Institute), and the Netherlands (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) as well as the European Climate and Health Observatory. The perspective of the European Climate and Health Observatory offers Europe-wide insights as a provider of tools and knowledge that support actions from NPHIs and other health actors. Our aim is to highlight the value of such reports, and inform and inspire NPHIs and other stakeholders that may be considering the publication of similar reports. The format of the workshop will be informative and interactive, with opportunity for Q&A, discussion, and engagement with the audience. By showcasing the recent reports, the workshop aims to increase awareness of climate change as a public health issue and establish NPHIs as key climate actors. Furthermore, it aims to highlight the importance of having a national, up-to-date evidence base to drive climate measures and enhance resilience. Key messages • National evidence-based reports on climate change and health are a useful tool for informing health-relevant climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. • Through the public health functions of surveillance, monitoring, responding and evaluating, NPHIs play a crucial role in collating and assessing the evidence on the health effects of climate change.

In contemporary media discourse, suggestions for publicly mandated climate change mitigation or adaptation measures are frequently challenged from a cost perspective. However, empirical data on the actual economic appreciation of local mitigation and adaptation measures expressed as citizen willingness-to-pay (WTP) are scarce. In this paper, we report results of a prefer- ence survey using a choice experiment (CE) that quantifies economic preferences for biodiversity- based climate change mitigation and adaptation in the region surrounding Hainich National Park (Thuringia, Germany). A representative sample of 302 respondents — the majority of them frequent Hainich forest visitors — was interviewed in autumn 2006. Nested logit analysis showed that respon- dents state a substantially positive WTP for climate change mitigation by afforestation (p < 0.001). If converted to WTP for an additional sequestration of carbon that average German citizens emit as CO2, a monetary value of 7.34 € yr -1 t C -1 is obtained. For increasing forest resistance and resilience against insect pests and storms (climate change adaptation) a WTP of 27.54 € yr -1 (p < 0.001) is obtained, and 16.83 € yr -1 (p < 0.001) is obtained for increasing the general resilience and resistance of forest ecosys- tems to environmental stressors. Respondents support moderate programs to eradicate invasive plants when compared to more aggressive eradication measures. Due to the lack of comparable studies, it can only be conservatively assumed that WTP would be lower if mitigation and adaptation measures were to be implemented in forests not, or only rarely, used by respondents. As all proposed means for climate change mitigation and adaptation contribute to local forest ecosystem biodiversity, the results of the study advocate the realization of measures that potentially benefit both climate policy and regional conservation concerns.

Backgorund: The effects of climate change in the atmosphere are starting to manifest, impacting not only the natural world but also human cultures. In Indonesia, these impacts are expected to intensify over the coming decades, with rising temperatures, declining rainfall, and sea-level rise affecting coastal areas. Extreme weather events, such as flooding and droughts, are becoming more common, posing significant challenges to human existence, economic growth, and the natural environment. This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of climate change awareness and adaptation measures among adolescents and local people in Surakarta, Indonesia. The study seeks to assess how the local population perceives and responds to climate change, as well as to identify factors that make communities vulnerable to severe weather events. By exploring these factors, the study aims to shed light on the underlying causes of vulnerability and inform the development of effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Method: The research methodology involves the use of structured questionnaires and surveys to collect data from 100 respondents in Surakarta. Statistical analysis, including regression analysis, is employed to assess the relationship between various demographic factors and climate change awareness. Demographic factors such as age, education level, and income are evaluated to understand their impact on climate change perception and responsiveness. Findings: The findings of the study highlight the importance of enhancing climate change knowledge among adolescents and local residents and underscore the need for targeted adaptation measures to address the unique challenges faced by urban communities in Surakarta. Conclusion: Overall, this study contributes to the broader understanding of climate change adaptation and resilience-building efforts in urban settings and provides valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and community stakeholders working in the field of climate change mitigation and adaptation. Novelty/Originality of this article: Using a structured survey, this study assessed climate change awareness and adaptation measures among adolescents and residents. The findings highlight the importance of improving knowledge about climate change and developing appropriate adaptation strategies for urban communities.