Cleft lip secondary repair: evaluation and description of the method of orbicularis oris three uints

Abstract

Objective Secondary deformities are common in people born with unilateral cleft lip and palate. In recent years, more and more attempts and efforts have been directed toward the restoration of normal muscle anatomy. The authors present a new method of orbicularis oris repair in secondary cleft lip repair. Methods From July 2009 to December 2011, 24 patients underwent this procedure in the authors' department. Muscle reconstruction was divided into three units that dealed with the nasal base, white lip and red lip. Common anatomic pathologies including the displacement of upper lip, flared ala, blunted ala-facial groove, depressed nasal floor, lateral bulge, lack of philtrum column, free border deficiency and unapparent vermilion tubercle were corrected in a single operation. Results The average follow-up period was 16.79±6.23 months. No major complications occurred. All the patients were satisfied with their nasolabial appearance. Conclusions Three-unit muscle repair has found to be effective and practical in secondary repair. Favorable results demonstrate that improved aesthetic and functional results can be achieved with this comprehensive procedure. Key words: Cleft lip; Secondary treatment; Orbicularis oris muscle; Three units