Classification of the Elderly Foot Types Based on Plantar Footprints

Abstract

The article presents the methodology and the results of the studies conducted in order to develop a rational classification technique of the elderly foot typologies, based on parameters derived from the plantar footprint. The plantar footprints were taken from 67 women, aged between 52-84 years old with RSscan pressure plate and the associated system, Footscan 7 Gait, 2nd Generation, 0,5 Gait Scientific System. To classify the foot typology, Chippaux-Simark Index and Hallux-Valgus Angle have been used. According to the obtained results, the subjects were divided into five categories, subjects with Normal Foot, High Arched Foot, Flat Foot, Hallux-Valgus Foot and Hallux Varus Foot. The authors have developed a method of determining the middle area of a plantar footprint for a more accurate measurement, being able to register it in the same way, for all subjects. Using statistical analysis, differences between age groups have been found, demonstrating the necessity of modelling and designing customized shoe lasts, footwear and prophylactic components according to the age of the subject. A good fit of the shoe on the elderly foot involves modifying the shoe last, but this can only be achieved under certain standards. Having biomechanical data of the foot and a clear classification of it, the customization of the product is simplified, reducing the number of tests and increasing the footwear technological process efficiency.