Cisapride as a treatment for gastroparesis in traumatic brain injury

Abstract

Gastroparesis is a well-documented finding among patients with severe traumatic brain injuries. The treatment of choice has been metoclopramide, but it is less than ideal given its central dopaminergic blocking activity. Cisapride is a newer prokinetic agent without side effects on the central nervous system and might be a superior treatment. The case of a healthy 22-year-old man who suffered a severe traumatic brain injury and multiple trauma in a motor vehicle accident is reported. The patient required gastrostomy tube placement but developed recurrent aspiration pneumonia once feedings were initiated. Despite receiving metoclopramide, barium studies revealed gastroparesis, a significant decrease in gastric peristalsis, and reflux. A jejunostomy tube was placed to prevent further aspiration. The administration of cisapride was begun, and 2 days later the patient was changed back to G-tube feedings with no evidence of residual aspirates. Repeat barium study showed definite improvement in peristalsis. This case demonstrates the potential usefulness of cisapride in patients with traumatic brain injury. Although further research is necessary, efficacy without central dopamine blockage may make cisapride the treatment of choice for gastroparesis and reflux in traumatic brain injury.