Abstract
Scope: To identify a metabolomic profile related to postprandial satiety sensations involved in appetite control would help for a better understanding of the regulation of food intake. Methods and Results: A cross-sectional analysis of plasma metabolites was conducted over 151 overweight/obese adults from the “Satiety Innovation”-SATIN study, a randomized clinical trial of a 12-week weight-loss maintenance period. Postprandial satiety sensations (3 h-iAUC) were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) at the beginning and at the end of the study. Fasting plasma metabolites were profiled using a targeted multiplatform metabolomics approach before each appetite test meal. Associations between 124 metabolites and iAUC-satiety were assessed using elastic net linear regression analyses. The accuracy of the multimetabolite weighted models for iAUC-VAS was evaluated using a 10-fold cross-validation (CV) approach and the Pearson’s correlation coefficients were estimated. Five and three metabolites were selected in the first and the second assessments, respectively. Circulating glycine and linoleic acid concentrations were consistently and positively associated with higher iAUC-satiety in both visits. Sucrose and sphingomyelins (C32:2, C38:1) were negatively associated with iAUC-satiety in the first visit. The Pearson correlations coefficients between the metabolomic profiles and iAUC-satiety in the first and the second appetite assessments were 0.37 and 0.27, respectively. Conclusion: Higher glycine and linoleic acid were moderately but consistently associated with higher postprandial satiety in two different appetite assessments in overweight and obese subjects.
Highlights
Overweight and obesity are complex conditions developed from the interaction of several factors including physiologic, metabolic, cellular, and molecular processes and cultural, socioeconomic, or behavioural aspects [1]
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were significantly higher in subjects in the second appetite assessment
A complex cascade of hormonal and other molecules are secreted to be integrated in the brain, which influence the satiety response [16]
Summary
Overweight and obesity are complex conditions developed from the interaction of several factors including physiologic, metabolic, cellular, and molecular processes and cultural, socioeconomic, or behavioural aspects [1]. Strategies to control the increasing obesity pandemic are limited in number and efficacy. Pharmacology has provided specific therapies targeting peripheral hormones and neural pathways to individuals with body mass index (BMI) over 30 kg/m2 for whom their condition compromised health. Several of these drugs were withdrawn due to unacceptable side effects [3]. Because weight gain leading to obesity arises when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure over a prolonged period of time, to naturally limit calorie intake by targeting appetite sensations could be a successful strategy to promote weight management for the majority of people with overweight or obesity [4]
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