Abstract
Aim: To look at the association of total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin with markers of fat distribution, oxidative stress and inflammation in Asian Indians.Methods: A total of 120 subjects were chosen randomly from Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study. Fasting HMW adiponectin levels, TNF-alpha and oxidized LDL were measured using ELISA. High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured by a high sensitive nephelometric assay. Lipid peroxidation was measured by Tbars assay and protein carbonyl content was assessed by DNPH assay. Visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were assessed by computed tomography (CT) scan.When stratified based on the tertiles of visceral fat, the levels of total (p= 0.03) and HMW adiponectin (p= 0.007) were highest in the first tertile followed by tertiles 2 and 3 whereas in tertiles of subcutaneous fat, there was no such trend. With increasing tertiles of Tbars, the levels of total (p= 0.03) and HMW adiponectin decreased (p= 0.002). The levels of HMW (p< 0.001) but not total adiponectin was also found to decrease with increasing tertiles of Protein carbonyl content. The levels of Total (p= 0.02) and HMW adiponectin (p= 0.004) were highest in the first tertile of oxidized LDL followed by tertile 2 and tertile 3. With increasing tertiles of TNF-alpha total (p= 0.01) and HMW adiponectin (p= 0.004) was found to decrease. With increasing tertiles of hs-CRP, Total (p= 0.005) and HMWadiponectin (p= 0.007)was found to decrease.Conclusion: Oxidative stress markers, visceral but not subcutaneous fat and inflammation are associated with total and HMW adiponectin levles in Asian Indians.
Highlights
Adiponectin is an insulin sensitizing, antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory adipokine secreted by the adipose tissue [1]
The levels of total adiponectin were higher in tertile 3 compared to tertiles 2 and 1 (p < 0.001)
The major findings of the study are as follows: 1. With increasing levels of lipid and protein oxidation and oxidative stress markers, the levels of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin were decreased
Summary
Adiponectin is an insulin sensitizing, antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory adipokine secreted by the adipose tissue [1]. Decreased levels of adiponectin are shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity, in visceral obesity, and correlate inversely with insulin resistance [2,3]. Adiponectin is of three isoforms- a low molecular weight timer, a medium molecular weight 6 mer and a high molecular weight (HMW) 12–18 mer [4]. The HMW adiponectin has been shown to be the most biologically active form of the hormone [5]. Weight loss has been shown to increase the HMW adiponectin form [6]. Thiozolidinedione mediated improvements in insulin sensitivity has
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