Abstract
Churchmen and the Promotion of Peace in King Stephen's Reign. This paper reexamines the contribution of churchmen to peace-promotion in England during Stephen's reign (1135-1154). Focusing on their role in peace negotiations between the English and Scots in the late 1130s, in attempts to end the civil war between 1140 and 1141, in international and local dispute-settlement between 1140 and 1153, and in the founding of new religious houses, it shows that their peacemaking was much more extensive and varied, and owed far more to methods employed on the continent before, during, and after the Peace of God movement, than has been appreciated. Further insight and understanding is provided by an examination of Ailred of Rievaulx's writings, particularly passages reflecting ideas bearing a strong resemblance to those central to the treaty of Winchester (1153). The paper thus casts additional light on peacemaking, the reasons for the proliferation of religious houses, and the connections between ecclesiastica...
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