Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for liver diseases. Enhancement of alcohol metabolism could be an effective strategy to prevent these adverse effects since it promotes the clearance of ethanol and acetaldehyde from the serum. Polyphenol-rich products have shown to protect against alcohol-related liver damage. Blueberry leaves have attracted attention as they are rich polyphenols such as proantocyanidins and chlorogenic acid. In this study, we investigated the effects of a high dose of blueberry leaf extract (BLEx) on alcohol metabolism during chronic intake of ethanol. Seven-week old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups: normal liquid diet group (NLD), normal liquid diet + BLEx group (NLD + BLEx), alcohol liquid diet group (ALD), and alcohol liquid diet + BLEx (ALD + BLEx). Then, rats were fed experimental diet for 5 weeks and at the end of feeding period, body weight, food intake, liver weight, indices of liver injury, expression and activity of alcohol metabolism-related and anti-oxidative enzymes, and levels of carbonyl protein, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (T-Chol) were measured. Body weight and food intake decreased, whereas liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) protein and mRNA expression, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNA expression were upregulated by ethanol intake. Dietary BLEx, however, did not affect any of these ethanol-related changes. Indices of liver injury, expression and activity of other alcohol metabolism-related enzymes, liver carbonyl protein, TG, and T-Chol levels were not altered by ethanol and BLEx. Thus, chronic BLEx intake does not ameliorate the harmful effects of ethanol.
Highlights
Ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde by liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
In this study to verify the safety of blueberry leaf extract (BLEx), we investigated the effects of high-dose BLEx on alcohol metabolism during chronic intake of ethanol
We have investigated the effects of high-dose BLEx on alcohol metabolism in chronic ethanol intake rats
Summary
Ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde by liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Chronic intake of high-dose of blueberry leaf extract does not augment the harmful effects of ethanol in rats. Blueberry leaves have been reported to exert protective effects against fatty liver (Yuji et al, 2013). It has anti-fibrogenic (Takami et al, 2010) and suppressive effects on hepatitis C virus replication (Takeshita et al, 2009). We have confirmed that a single dose of blueberry leaf extract (BLEx) after single-dose ethanol reduces serum ethanol level (Yamasaki et al, 2016) From this previous data, we have hypothesized that BLEx could prevent the gastro intestinal absorption. In this study to verify the safety of BLEx, we investigated the effects of high-dose BLEx on alcohol metabolism during chronic intake of ethanol
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