Chinese Special Education Teachers’ Experiences With Generative AI: Differences in Perceptions, Use, and TAM Pathways for IEP Writing and Lesson Planning

The main objective of this study is to analyse consumers’ behavioural intentions to use cardless banking technology in Malaysia. The intentions to use this technology are evaluated through an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework. The data were collected from 447 Maybank and Hong Leong Bank customers in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. The results show that self-efficacy (SE) had a positive impact on the perceived ease of use (PEOU), while perceived risk (PR) had a negative impact on perceived usefulness (PU) and intention to use (IU) cardless banking. Next, the perceived ease of use (PEOU) had a positive impact on perceived usefulness (PU). The results further support the idea that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) had the strongest impacts on intention to use (IU). The practical implications of this study suggest that developers of cardless banking technology should introduce secure, less complicated, and easily accessible technology to improve consumers’ intentions to use. The perceived usefulness of this technology can be improved through promotional strategies and consumer training. Theoretically, this study has successfully extended TAM in the context of cardless banking technology in Malaysia. Moreover, this study will assist bankers in designing effective marketing strategies to attract more customers, which will add significant value to the overall business of the banking industry.

Following the development and promotion of 5G Internet, smart cars, connected cars, and self-driving cars designed using the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) have become the center of attention. Although the IoV has gradually exhibited advantages and created multiple benefits for consumers, consumers have yet to widely gain knowledge of it. Furthermore, because of consumers’ inadequate understanding of the IoV, they have low acceptance and intention to use this novel technology. Based on the technology acceptance model, this study explored the perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), information quality (IQ), attitude toward use (ATU), usage intention (UI), and consumer innovativeness (CI) of IoV products among consumers in China by performing online and offline questionnaire surveys. A total of 576 responses were collected, among which 410 were valid for a valid response rate of 71.78%. The analysis results showed that (1) the PEOU, PU, IQ, and ATU among consumers significantly and positively affected their UI; (2) the PEOU, PU, and IQ among consumers exerted significant and positive effects on their ATU; (3) UI partially mediated the positive effects of PEOU, PU, and IQ on ATU; and (4) CI did not significantly moderate the effects of PEOU, PU, IQ, or ATU on UI.

Digital game-based language learning (DGBLL) has transitioned from a pedagogical novelty to a credible instructional approach in L2 education, encompassing both educational games and commercial games used for language learning. Despite mounting evidence that DGBLL can enhance language learning outcomes, learner engagement, and motivation, its uptake remains limited, and little is known about the learner beliefs and contextual factors that condition willingness to adopt it. To address this gap, the present study proposes an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and analyzes valid responses from 249 Chinese undergraduates. This study tests the extended TAM using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for structural relations and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to identify equifinal causal pathways. Results show that perceived usefulness (PU) is a strong predictor of intention to use (IU), exerting both direct and indirect effects through perceived ease of use (PEoU). PEoU influences IU and also shapes PU. Perceived learning benefits (PLB) positively influence both PU and IU, whereas perceived opportunities for experiential learning (POEL) strengthens PU and PEOU but does not directly affect IU. Prior video-gaming experience (VGE) predicts PU and PEoU but not IU, confirming its role as a distal antecedent. Complementing these net effects, fsQCA reveals multiple sufficient configurations, underscoring the conjunctural nature of adoption pathways. The study offers insight into DGBLL adoption and sustained use in Chinese EFL higher education, providing actionable implications for policymakers, educators, and administrators in terms of design priorities, implementation conditions, and curricular alignment.

E-learning is an application utilized to support the teaching and learning process at a private university in Bandung City during the Covid-19 pandemic. The users of E-learning comprise lecturers and students. However, no evaluation has been conducted regarding the user acceptance of the E-learning system employed. This study aims to determine the factors of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), namely Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Intention to Use (ITU), and Attitude Towards Using (ATU), on the acceptance of the E-learning system. The research employs descriptive analysis and verification as the research methods. The research population consists of university students in the city of Bandung, whose universities have been accredited by BAN-PT and already utilize the E-Learning system. Convenient sampling is used, and 260 student respondents from 12 private universities in Bandung using E-Learning are included in the sample. Data analysis is conducted using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The study's results demonstrate that Perceived Usefulness (PU) has a positive impact on intention. Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) significantly affects Intention to Use (ITU), and Attitude towards Using (ATU) positively influences the utilization of E-Learning applications among students in private universities in Bandung.
 Keywords: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, intention to use, e-learning

The purpose of this study was to examine college students' intention to use computer technology in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study measured perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), attitude towards computer use (ATCU), and intention to use (ITU). Data collected from 327 college students, attending two institutions of higher learning in the UAE, were utilised to validate the technology acceptance model (TAM) questionnaire and to investigate the hypothesised relationships. Results from the structural equation modelling analyses suggested that PEU was a strong predictor of PU and ATCU and ATCU and PU were moderate predictors of ITU. The results of the study found a good model fit and empirical support for four of five hypotheses. PU was not found significantly associated with ATCU. The multi-group analysis indicated that the relations of attitudes toward computer use to ITU computer was statistically significant for males only; however, the association between PU and ITU computer was statistically significant for only females. The results of the study provide empirical support that gender is a significant variable in the TAM.

This study investigates the impact of using generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI) to transform mathematical concepts into song-based learning materials on female university students’ acceptance of such instructional methods. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for data analysis. The participants consisted of 81 female university students. Key findings include: (1) Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) significantly and positively influences Perceived Usefulness (PU); (2) Both PEOU and PU significantly influence Attitude Toward Using (ATT), with PEOU exerting a stronger effect than PU in this model; (3) ATT significantly influences Behavioral Intention (BI); (4) BI significantly predicts Actual System Use (AU), confirming its role as a critical antecedent of usage behavior. The results support the applicability of TAM in explaining female students’ acceptance of AI-generated mathematical song materials. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that such innovative learning resources foster positive learning attitudes and usage intentions, highlighting their potential as engaging and effective tools in mathematics education. Notably, ease of use plays a pivotal role in shaping user attitudes.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious killer, and India accounts for 2.8 of the 10.4 million TB cases that occur each year, making it the highest TB burden country worldwide. Poor quality of TB care is a major driver of the epidemic in India. India's large private, unregulated sector manages over 50% of the TB patients, with studies showing suboptimal diagnosis and treatment in the private sector. Better education of doctors using mobile applications (apps) is a possible solution. While India has seen an explosion of mobile phone services, and while the use of mobile health interventions has been gaining interest, little is known about mHealth around tuberculosis in India. Our study aimed to understand the user experience and acceptability of a smartphone application, LearnTB, amongst private sector academic clinicians in India. This study was conducted amongst 101 clinicians at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, India. The user experience of participants (part 1) and acceptability (part 2) were evaluated with the use of two valid, English, paper-based questionnaires. The first questionnaire was based on the System Usability Scale (SUS); the second questionnaire was based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data were collected during February and March 2017 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression as well as logistic regression analysis. A response rate of 99% was achieved; 100 participants responded to the second questionnaire and 100% of the participants responded to the first questionnaire. User experience was very high [mean SUS score =94.4 (92.07-96.76)]. Perceived usefulness (PU) was significantly correlated to intention to use (IU) (r=0.707, P<0.0001), and perceived ease of use (PEU) was significantly correlated to PU (r=0.466, P<0.0001). Path analysis confirmed the direct relationship between PU and IU (0.936, P<0.0001), and the indirect relationship between PEU and IU (0.5102, P<0.0001). Logistic regression analysis helped target items strongly influencing IU, such as "The use of the LearnTB application is compatible with my work habits" [OR =3.20 (1.04-9.84), P=0.004] and "The use of the LearnTB application could promote good clinical practice" [OR =5.23 (1.35-20.29); P=0.016]. The first part of the study indicated high user experience of the LearnTB application. The TAM questionnaire (second part) explained a significant portion of the variance in clinicians' IU the LearnTB application. The PU of the application has the highest impact on the clinicians' IU the Learn TB application. This study provides a preliminary analysis of mobile health interventions for tuberculosis in India, and emphasizes the need for future research in this domain.

This study aims to examine user responses to the application of cloud technology in academic services focused on students with non-IT backgrounds. The hypotheses were developed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, and Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT). Data were collected through questionnaires administered to 347 active students from several faculties who use cloud technology in academic services. The data were analyzed quantitatively using SEM-PLS based on the variable constructs of Intention to Use (ITU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Facilitating Conditions (FC), and Satisfaction (SF). The results further reveal significant effects of PU on ITU (P=0.143, p=0.011) and PU on SF (P=0.311, p=0.000). Additionally, significant effects of PEU on ITU (P=0.331, p=0.000) and PEU on SF (P=0.154, p=0.004) were found. Moreover, a significant impact of SF on ITU was identified (P=0.470, p=0.000), as well as FC on PU (P=0.812, p=0.000), FC on PEU (P=0.798, p=0.000), and FC on SF (P=0.484, p=0.000). Based on the results of the analysis, all constructs proposed based on the three acceptance theory models showed significant results. Adequate facilitating conditions cause non-IT users to feel more usefulness and ease in using cloud technology in academic services, so that they feel satisfaction which has an impact on their intention to continue using it. This study can be a theoretical basis for institutions in the use and development of cloud technology in various academic service applications in improving the quality and sustainability of education.

The purpose of this study is to examine factors that influence teachers’ intentions to use technology in assessments using the technology acceptance model (TAM) as a framework. An online survey was utilized to collect data, and 360 teachers participated in the survey. This study used partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypotheses to verify the effects of variables on teachers’ intention of e-assessment use. The model consists of four constructs: computer self-efficacy (CE), perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), and frequent use of e-assessment tools (FoUAT). The findings revealed a significant influence path from CE to PEOU, FoUAT, and behavior intention. In addition, PEOU is a critical factor that positively impacts both PU and teachers’ behavior intentions. In contrast to our expectation, frequency of use was statistically insignificant and had no impact on teachers’ intention to use (IU) e-assessment tools. The total of these four variables corresponded to 71.4% of the variance of user intention. These results confirm that TAM is an effective model to explain teachers’ technology acceptance to use e-assessment tools for their teaching.

The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), proposed by Fred Davis in 1986, is a foundational framework for understanding technology adoption, emphasizing Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU) as key determinants of Intention to Use (ITU). While Attitude Toward Using (ATU) was initially central to TAM, it was later omitted in iterations like TAM2 and UTAUT. This paper revisits the role of ATU within TAM, employing One-Step Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modelling (OSMASEM) to analyze educational technology acceptance. The findings reveal that ATU significantly mediates the relationship between PEOU, PU, and ITU, enhancing the explanatory power of TAM. By comparing models with and without ATU (TAM-O and TAM-R), the findings demonstrate that incorporating ATU provides a more comprehensive understanding of user behavior, particularly in voluntary use contexts. The study underscores the importance of attitudes in technology adoption and suggests that future TAM iterations should consider ATU to improve predictive accuracy. This research contributes to theoretical advancements in TAM and offers practical insights for enhancing technology acceptance in educational settings.

This study integrates Gardner’s Socio-Educational Model of Second Language Motivation (SEMSLM) with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to examine the influence pathways of instrumental motivation (INS) and integrative motivation (INT) on Chinese non-English major undergraduates’ intentions to use generative AI (Gen-AI) chatbots. A mixed random and convenience sampling approach was employed to survey students from four private universities in China, yielding 729 valid responses. The study measured students’ instrumental and integrative motivation, as well as TAM constructs including perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PE), and behavioral intention to use (IU). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to analyze both direct and indirect effects of motivation on IU, investigating the mediating mechanisms of TAM variables. Participants demonstrated a clear preference for domestically developed Gen-AI chatbots and reported relatively high instrumental motivation and perceived ease of use. Instrumental motivation significantly influenced IU through three mediation paths, with a stronger effect via PE than PU. In contrast, integrative motivation influenced IU solely through PU. Overall, the total effect of instrumental motivation was substantially higher than that of integrative motivation. The study highlights differential pathways through which distinct motivational types shape Gen-AI chatbot adoption, providing insights for supporting low-motivation learner groups and advancing understanding of AI-assisted language learning.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate pre-service teachers' perceptions of augmented reality (AR) technology and their intention to use it in their future careers.This involved integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with part of the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) to examine the learners' perceived ease of use (PEU) and perceived usefulness (PU) of AR, and how this affected their attention (ATT) in learning, and intention to use (ITU) AR in their future careers.An AR application was applied to affix virtual objects to learners' real world over seven weeks of an Educational Technology course.An online quantitative questionnaire was developed and administered to 101 students in a purposive sample.A descriptive correlational research design was adopted in this study.The results indicate that the students' PU for AR and their ATT while using it were significant predictors of their ITU for this technology in future, while PEU was not a significant predictor of ITU.However, the students' PU and PEU were significant predictors of their perception of AR's capacity to sustain their attention (ATT) while learning.The intention of this study was to pave the way to expand TAM by highlighting an intrinsic motivation variable.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate potential users' cognitive beliefs and intention to use (IU) a proposed short message service (SMS)‐based library catalogue system. The motivation for this research is the growing popularity of mobile information systems and the need to explore if SMS is a technology that libraries could tap into to enhance their services to users.Design/methodology/approachA review of literature on SMS‐based services and applications within the library sector is followed by a prototyping of an SMS‐based library catalogue system and the development of a number of hypotheses using the technology acceptance model (TAM) as the base framework. The study investigates potential users' cognitive beliefs and IU the systems as well as the effect of self‐efficacy (SE) on these. A survey questionnaire is distributed to a purposeful and convenient sample of university students who are also users of the university library online public access catalogue.FindingsThe results of the data analysis show that SE has a positive impact on the perceived ease of use (PEOU) and a negative impact on perceived usefulness (PU). The findings also show that SE does not have direct impact on IU. The overall model explains 55.2 per cent of behaviour intention in using the proposed system. This is comparable with other TAM models in the context of SMS usage.Originality/valueThere is scant research available in the literature on user acceptance of SMS‐based systems. This study and its findings provide new insights for understanding user motivation for using SMS‐based systems, specifically for SMS‐based library catalogue systems. This understanding can aid the efforts when designing and promoting the use of such systems. The study also examines SE alongside the user technology acceptance constructs of PEOU, PU and IU.

With its heavy traffic and technological capabilities, social networking sites (SNSs) introduced a new means of building and maintaining social relationships. This study aims to identify underlying factors and causal relationships that affect behavioral intention to use SNSs. For this purpose, this research developed an extended technology acceptance model (TAM), incorporating subjective norm (SN) and perceived social capital (PSC). Exploratory correlation and path analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between five constructs; perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), subjective norm (SN), perceived social capital (PSC), and intention to use (IU). The results showed that PU and PEOU had robust effects on the user's intention to use SNSs. The research findings also demonstrated that SN and PSC were significant predictors of both PU and PEOU, and therefore should be considered as potential variables for extending TAM.

This study focuses on elucidation of the perception of actors in education toward the use of technology in the 2013 Indonesian Education Curriculum (C-13). The study was done at SMA Plus YPHB and SMAN 4 Bogor, high schools located in Bogor City, West Java, Indonesia. The specific policy that underlies this study is the Regulation of Ministry of Education and Culture No.70/2013 in the point of completion mindsets No. 6 about the shift from single tool learning to multimedia-tool based learning. This paper integrates mixed methods—qualitative and quantitative methods, which use questionnaires and interview by incorporating Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) using path regression analyses. The subjects of the research are teachers and students in the schools, an education practitioner, and an educational policy advisor. Furthermore, the assessment was done toward the perceptions of educational technology infrastructure, such as computers/laptops, projectors, speaker, Internet, software application and mobiles. The results show that Perceived Usefulness (PU) is better shaped by Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Attitude Toward Using (ATU) is influenced by PEU, and Intention to Use (IU) is significantly affected by ATU. However, the external variables are novel for teachers and students. For teachers, the external variables do not determine PU, yet age influences PU for students. Thus, teachers and students show good intention to use the technology providing they embrace positive attitudes in using it.