Abstract
Applying cultural schema activation view (Chiu & Hong, 2007) to pan-familism, the current study seeks to explore and answer the following three questions regarding the leader’s role in employee psychological safety and subsequent voice in Chinese organizations: First, how does moral leadership encourage followers’ voice through their psychological safety? Second, how does benevolent leadership moderate above leaders’ moral influence on employee voice, serving as a second-order moderator? Third, how does guanxi between leaders and followers color the moderating effect of benevolent leadership, serving a third-order moderator? Adopting time-lagged multisource survey technique, we obtained 198 pairs of leader-follower dyad data in organizations in Taiwan. The results showed that follower psychological safety mediated the positive relationship between moral leadership and follower voice. Besides, benevolent leadership weakened the mediating effect of psychological safety. Last, guanxi strengthened the weakening effect of benevolent leadership. That is, the weakening effect of benevolent leadership occurred only when high guanxi. The theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and further directions are discussed. Keywords: voice, moral leadership, benevolent leadership, pan-familism, cultural schema activation
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