Abstract
by using a 3D printer, to create a low-cost human chest cavity simulator that allows the reproduction of the closed chest drainage technique (CCD), comparing its effectiveness with that of the animal model. it was made a 3D printing of the bony framework of a human thorax from a chest computerized tomography scan. After printing the ribs, we performed tests with several materials that contributed to form the simulation of the thoracic cavity and pleura. An experimental, randomized, and controlled study, comparing the efficacy of the simulator to the efficacy of the animal model, was then carried out in the teaching of CCD technique for medical students, who were divided into two groups: animal model group and simulator model group, that trained CCD technique in animals and in the simulator model, respectively. the chest reconstruction required anatomical knowledge for tomography analysis and for faithful 3D surface editing. There was no significant difference in the safety of performing the procedure in both groups (7.61 vs. 7.73; p=0.398). A higher score was observed in the simulator model group for "use as didactic material" and "learning of the chest drainage technique", when compared to the animal model group (p<0.05). the final cost for producing the model was lower than that of a commercial simulator, what demonstrates the feasibility of using 3D printing for this purpose. In addition, the developed simulator was shown to be equivalent to the animal model in relation to the simulation of the drainage technique for practical learning, and there was preference for the simulator model as didactic material.
Highlights
Simulation consists of a tool that aims to reproduce, interactively and safely, aspects of real life[1,2]
Simulation is seen as an effective form of teaching, which improves patient and safety care, since the individual undergoing training ― student or physician ― goes through experiences very close to those of real life and consistent with decision-making in daily medical practice[1]
The objective of this work was to create a low-cost simulator using 3D printing, with anatomical conditions similar to a segment of the human thoracic cavity, in order to reproduce the closed chest drainage technique and apply the model developed in the training of medical students to evaluate its effectiveness and the satisfaction of the participants in relation to the simulator model compared to the animal model
Summary
Simulation consists of a tool that aims to reproduce, interactively and safely, aspects of real life[1,2]. Simulation is seen as an effective form of teaching, which improves patient and safety care, since the individual undergoing training ― student or physician ― goes through experiences very close to those of real life and consistent with decision-making in daily medical practice[1]. Simulators can be classified in different ways, ranging from computerized systems, dolls that play the role of patients, environments that simulate work situations, and even real people playing roles following a previously elaborated script. Another important aspect is the fidelity of the simulator. More complex simulators are needed to train and develop fine motor coordination skills
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