Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has made many countries decide to close schools to prevent the spread, including Indonesia. This leads to online distance learning. Furthermore, online distance learning is carried out by teachers suddenly without prior preparation. Therefore, the teachers' Technological, Pedagogical, Content Knowledge (TPACK), and attitude to conduct online distance learning are crucial. Thus, this study intends to identify chemistry teachers’ TPACK and attitude in online distance learning during the COVID-19 outbreak. Purposed-design survey method was used with 109 participants in Java, Indonesia. The data were collected using online questionnaires then analyzed quantitatively using factor analysis and qualitatively based on the teachers’ response to online distance learning during the COVID-19. The questionnaire used consisted of 36 close-ended statements with a Likert scale and 10 open-ended questions to find out challenges and opportunities for implementing chemistry online distance learning. The results show that the teachers try to adapt their way of teaching and assessment by using various technology platforms for online distance learning. The attitude and TPACK of the teachers tend to be positive in responding to online distance learning even though some senior teachers have a negative tendency to the aspects of attitude and technological knowledge. It can be implied that training in the use of various technologies, and enhancement of chemistry teachers’ TPACK skills are needed to produce better online distance learning. These results are expected to provide an overview of the challenges and opportunities of online distance learning in chemistry during or beyond the COVID-19 outbreak.
Highlights
The world, including Indonesia, has been facing Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) in recent months
This study focuses on three main problems as follow: (1) how the attitude and TPACK of chemistry teachers are; (2) how chemistry teachers use technology in online distance learning; (3) what are the challenges and opportunities for implementing chemistry online distance learning
The results of the questionnaire given to chemistry teachers showed a tendency for a positive attitude towards the use of ICT during chemistry online distance learning
Summary
The world, including Indonesia, has been facing Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) in recent months. Physical distancing and avoiding gathering activities have been enforced to break the chain of this virus (Adnan & Anwar, 2020; Rusydiyah et al, 2021). The existence of physical distancing rules requires all schools to switch to online distance learning methods to avoid crowds as in the school. Not all education practitioners (teachers, students, and parents) are ready for online distance learning activities, which leads to many problems during the learning process. They will have difficulty in creating effective online distance learning. The condition will impact students’ interest during learning because the teacher’s attitude, creativity, and effectiveness in teaching affect student attitudes, especially in online distance learning (Obermiller et al, 2012)
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