Abstract
Abstract The mechanism of n -propyltoluene formation in toluene alkylation with propanols has been investigated over molecular sieves of H-ZSM-5, H-Y, and H-mordenite structures. It has been shown that isopropyltoluenes are formed in the first alkylation step followed by a bimolecular reaction with toluene molecules leading to n -propyltoluenes. This mechanism is evidenced by the reaction of p -isopropyltoluene with benzene and isopropylbenzene with toluene leading to n -propylbenzene and n -propyltoluene, respectively. The bimolecular isomerization reaction takes place only in the three-dimensional channel system of H-ZSM-5 and H-Y, enabling the transition complex formation, which is enhanced by the channel geometry of H-ZSM-5. Therefore, structure-directed transition state selectivity, controlled by the molecular sieve structure, operates in this isomerization reaction.
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