Abstract
A catalytic asymmetric synthesis of all four stereoisomers of sphinganine is described starting from hexadecanal. Utilizing either the (R) or (S) enantiomer of a BOROX catalyst, a multicomponent reaction of this aldehyde with an amine and ethyl diazoacetate gives rise to enantiomeric aziridine-2-carboxylates. Access to all diastereomers of sphinganine is realized upon ring opening of the enantiopure aziridine-2-carboxylate at the C-3 position by direct SN2 attack of an oxygen nucleophile, which occurs with inversion of configuration and by ring expansion of an N-acyl aziridine to an oxazolidinone and then hydrolysis. Overall, this process results in the formal ring opening of the aziridine with an oxygen nucleophile with retention of configuration.
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