Abstract
Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg. (Myrtaceae), also known as “guabiroba”, is widely distributed in the South and Southern regions of Brazil and has been used by local families as folk medicine to treat several diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the bioactive compounds of guabiroba fruits and leaves, such as flavonoids, carotenoids, chlorophyll, total phenolics, tannins, and coumarins. The biological effect of different parts of C. xanthocarpa (leaf and pulp) was also investigated for the immunomodulatory activity on RAW 264.7 macrophages, and anti-cancer effects on H295R adrenocortical cells under different concentrations and extraction protocols. Extracts from guabiroba leaves and pulp using 70% ethanol and n-hexane as a solvent by magnetic stirring, as well as ethanolic extracts from leaves and pulp obtained by heat reflux extraction were produced. Most of the bioactive compounds were found in the leaves rather than the fruit pulp. The in vitro assays showed that the leaf extraction with hexane affected the viability assay in the adrenocortical cell line H295R, while the pulp extracted with hexane activated the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Therefore, C. xanthocarpa leaves and pulp have proven to affect macrophage and adrenocortical cell lines in a dose-dependent manner.
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