Abstract
The incidence of volunteer EnlistTM soybean in the post-emergence of crops in succession, such as wheat, requires changes in chemical control. Thus, the objective of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of different post-emergence herbicides in the control of volunteer EnlistTM soybean and wild radish and their selectivity to wheat. For this, four experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in field and greenhouse. The treatments tested were pyroxsulam, saflufenacil, pyroxsulam + saflufenacil, pyroxsulam + bentazon, pyroxsulam + metribuzin, saflufenacil + bentazon, and saflufenacil + metribuzin in 2017, and triclopyr, saflufenacil, MCPA, quinclorac, dicamba, pyroxsulam + metribuzin, metribuzin + metsulfuron, pyroxsulam + bentazon and bentazon + metsulfuron in 2018. The variables were the control of wild radish and volunteer EnlistTM soybean phytotoxicity to wheat crop, yield components, and yield total. The association of the herbicides pyroxsulam and saflufenacil is efficient in the management of volunteer soybean EnlistTM, showing selectivity to wheat. The isolated application of dicamba and the associations of pyroxsulam with metribuzin and metribuzin with metsulfuron represent alternatives for selective management of volunteer EnlistTM soybean in wheat, in addition to efficiently controlling wild radish in post-emergence.
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the main winter cereal grown in southern Brazil
The variables were the control of wild radish and volunteer EnlistTM soybean phytotoxicity to wheat crop, yield components, and yield total
Regarding the control of volunteer EnlistTM soybean in the experiment conducted in 2017, in general treatments involving the herbicide saflufenacil alone and in mixture with pyroxsulam, bentazon and metribuzin promoted a control above 80% in all evaluations, not differing from the weeded check at 7 and 21 days after application of treatments (DAT) (Table 3)
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the main winter cereal grown in southern Brazil. Its production area is about two thousand hectares (Conab, 2021). Among the factors limiting the expression of the productive potential of wheat is competition with weeds, which negatively affects wheat growth and development and causes yield losses and grain quality (Lamego et al, 2013). In this context, wild radish (Raphanus spp.) stands out due to its highly competitive potential with wheat (Goggin et al, 2016) and the presence of biotypes resistant to herbicides inhibiting the enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS) (Heap, 2021). Volunteer soybean and corn plants in wheat have caused difficulties in management, with a tendency to intensify problems due to new technologies that confer resistance to herbicides, as is the case of the EnlistTM technology
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