Chemical constituents from the root of Bistorta suffulta (Maxim.) H. Gross and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from Gendarussa vulgaris Nees and their chemotaxonomic significance

Background of the Study: Tropical plants of the Ficus genus (Moraceae) are among the earliest fruit trees that humans have cultivated. Since ancient times, many folk medicines have used species of this genus to treat a variety of ailments. Evidence from earlier investigations has shown these plants contain abundant secondary metabolites with a variety of structural properties and biological functions.
 Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out at the University of Nairobi (Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry) from January to June 2022.
 Aim: The study focuses on isolating and identifying secondary metabolites from the stem bark of Ficus thonningii Blume found in Kenya and their chemotaxonomic significance.
 Methodology: Dried powdered stem bark of Ficus thonningii was extracted by maceration at room temperature using CH2Cl2/CH3OH (1:1) to yield a crude extract which was fractionated in a chromatographic column (CC) using silica gel (60 – 120 mesh) as an adsorbent eluting with EtOAc/n-hexane followed by CH3OH/EtOAc. The fractions were purified using silica gel (70 – 230, 230 – 400 mesh) CC and chromatotron eluting with solvents of different polarity, as well as a crystallization technique. Structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated and identified using the spectroscopic method (NMR (1D and 2D)) and by comparison with reported literature data.
 Results: Phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of Ficus thonningii afforded seven compounds, including yukovanol (1), 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3′-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl)isoflavone (2), cajanin (3), taxifolin (4), protocatechuic acid (5), saccharose (6), and stigmasterol (7). Compounds 1 - 3, 5 and 7 were not reported from F. thonningii until now. Further, compound 6 is being isolated from the genus Ficus for the first time.
 Conclusion: The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated phytochemicals demonstrates the taxonomic position of F. thonningii in the genus Ficus and explains its multiple ethnomedicinal applications.

Chemical constituents from the leaves of Callicarpa arborea Roxb. and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from Melodinus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Euphorbia formosana Hayata and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from Melodinus axillaris W. T. Wang and their chemotaxonomic significance

Background: The Ophiorrhiza plants are an important group of medicinal herbs worldwide. However, many species of the genus Ophiorrhiza, including Ophiorrhiza exigua were not investigated for their chemical constituents and bioactivities. Objective: The objective of this study is to isolate and identify the secondary metabolites from the plant O. exigua, discuss their chemotaxonomic significance, and evaluate their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography, and their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses and comparison with the literature data. Based on the extensive literature survey, their chemotaxonomic importance was analyzed. Moreover, their α- glucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated by the colorimetric method. Results: The phytochemical study of the plant O. exigua led to the isolation of nine compounds (1–9) of different structural groups. Importantly, the chemotaxonomic importance of these isolated compounds was discussed, suggesting compounds 2–5 as four chemotaxonomic markers for the species O. exigua. In the α-glucosidase inhibitory bioassay, the compounds did not exhibited potent effects. result: This phytochemical study of O. exigua led to the isolation of ten compounds (1–10) with diverse structure features. Importantly, the chemotaxonomic importance of isolated compounds has been extensively discussed, suggesting compounds 2–5 as four chemotaxonomic markers for O. exigua. Moreover, compounds 5, 7, and 9 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 31.0, 27.9, and 50.3 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: All compounds except 1 and 9 were isolated from the genus Ophiorrhiza for the first time. Compounds 2–5 showed chemotaxonomic importance for the species O. exigua. This work filled the gap in the knowledge of the phytochemical and biological profiles of the plant O. exigua.

Chemical constituents from the leaves of Craibiodendron yunnanense and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from the fruits of Solanum nigrum and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from Helvella leucopus and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from Hovenia dulcis Thunb. And their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from twigs and leaves of Actinidia chinensis Planch and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from Stellera chamaejasme L. and chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from the pericarps of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical constituents from Galium aparine and their chemotaxonomic significance