Abstract
The naive quark model which enjoyed considerable success in various properties of heavy quarkonia must be modified near and above the threshold due to light quark pair creation. We discuss this open channel effect on the charmonium spectrum in a framework of the ``Kogut-Susskind model'' by solving exactly a complex-scaled coupled channel equation. The numerical analyses show that the mass and decay width of the 3 $^{3}$${\mathit{S}}_{1}$ state can be well reproduced as a result of coupling to a nearby ${\mathit{D}}^{\mathrm{*}}$D\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} $^{\mathrm{*}}$ pole, while those of the 1S and 2S states remain the same as in the single cc\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} channel prediction.
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