Abstract
The city of Hamburg has decided to electrify its bus fleets. The two public transportation companies in this city expect to operate up to 1500 buses by 2030. In order to accomplish this ambitious goal, both companies need to build an appropriate charging infrastructure. They have both decided to implement the centralized depot charging concept. Buses can therefore charge only at the depot and do not have the possibility for opportunity charging at intermediate stations. The load profile of such a bus depot is highly dependent on the charging schedule of buses. Without an intelligent scheduling system, the buses charge on demand as soon as they arrive to the depot. This can lead to an unevenly distributed load profile with high load peaks, which is problematic for the local grid as well as for the equipment dimensioning at the depot. Charging scheduling on large-scale bus depots is a relatively new and poorly researched topic. This paper addresses the issue and proposes two algorithms for charging scheduling on large-scale bus depots with the goal to minimize the peak load. The schedules created with the proposed algorithms were both tested and validated in the Bus Depot Simulator, a cosimulation platform used for bus depot simulations.
Highlights
The city of Hamburg is determined to reduce its CO2 emission due to public transportation
Thisschedules is because there is no difference between the load profiles on different working days
With no is because there is no difference between the load profiles on different working days
Summary
The city of Hamburg is determined to reduce its CO2 emission due to public transportation. The two public transportation companies in the city, Hamburger Hochbahn AG and Verkehrsbetriebe Hamburg-Holstein (VHH) have already started electrifying their bus fleets and building the necessary charging infrastructure Both companies have decided to use the centralized depot concept. Hochbahn plans eight large-scale depots in the city, with the smallest one operating 50 buses and the biggest one operating 240 buses Other charging concepts such as opportunity charging have their advantages but they have shown to be less effective in the particular case of the City of Hamburg. The buses in Hamburg have circular routes with very short stops at the bus stations (1–2 min) This is not enough to charge the buses effectively; especially taking into consideration that very often two or more buses arrive at one bus station in the same time. The charging organization poses a big problem
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