Abstract
In the present study, the phytochemical composition and bioactivities of A. maroccanus (AM) and A. radiatus (AR), two ecotypes collected in the Demnate road and Essaouira regions, respectively, were studied to highlight a pharmacological interest and to enable possible pharmaceutical development. To this end, methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts were prepared for each ecotype by fractionation; next, their phytochemical composition was evaluated by spectrophotometric and chromatographic analysis. Moreover, in line with the available evidence for Anacyclus spp. and their traditional use, a screening of bioactivities, including antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antiglycative, chelating, and antibacterial activities, was performed. The extracts were characterized by high amounts of polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids, especially in the methanolic extracts; these samples were also enriched in carotenoids despite a lower chlorophyll content. Chlorogenic acid and rutin were the major identified compounds. The extracts also showed interesting hypoglycemic, antiglycative, and antibacterial properties, although with differences in efficacy and potency. Present results provide more scientific basis to the ethnopharmacological uses of Anacyclus spp. and suggest a further interest in AM and AR ecotypes as natural sources of bioactive compounds and/or phytocomplexes for possible pharmaceutical and nutraceutical developments.
Highlights
IntroductionMorocco is a Mediterranean country characterized by diverse biotopes (desert, mountains, coastal areas, etc.) and a complete range of Mediterranean bioclimates
Tannins, and flavonoids were in all ofand the antioxidant powerofand carbohydrate enzyme inhibition, along with thefound antiglycative tested extracts, especially those obtained from the considering inflorescences
Levels were higher in methanolic extracts than in ethylbacterial, acetate extracts aerial parts,their the antimicrobial properties of the extracts against different fungal
Summary
Morocco is a Mediterranean country characterized by diverse biotopes (desert, mountains, coastal areas, etc.) and a complete range of Mediterranean bioclimates Morocco is a Mediterranean country characterized by diverse biotopes (desert, mountains, coastal areas, etc.) and a complete range of Mediterranean bioclimates (from humid to Saharan), due to its middle position between two seas (Figure 1) [1,2]. These peculiar ecological conditions provide huge and varied plant biodiversity, among which to Saharan), due to its middle position between two seas (Figure 1) [1,2]. Such species have been classified into 150 famiMorocco an actual and aplants reservoir novel bioactive compounds lies and 940 genera,plant withgenetic around reserve [1,2].of
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