Abstract
Aiming the production of lipopeptides biosurfactants (BioS), we isolated a new strain identified as Bacillus subtilis ZNI5 from a hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Lipopeptides purification by anionic exchange chromatography and identification by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (RP-HPLC–MS) permitted the selection of different homologues divided into four families. The first family corresponds to Surfactin isoforms with molecular weights of 1007, 1021 and 1035 Da; the second family correspond to Iturin isoforms with molecular weights of 1028, 1042 and 1056 Da; the third family correspond to a single isoform called Licheniformin with molecular weight of 1410 and the fourth family correspond to newly identified isoforms named Inesfactin with molecular weights of 973 and 987 Da. Regarding the functional properties of the ZNI5 BioS, it was characterized as a powerful surface-active agent that decreases the Surface Tension of water from 72 mN/m to about 32 mN/m with a CMC value of 350 mg/L more efficient than chemical surfactants (Triton X100; CTAB and SDS). Moreover, it has the capacity to disperse oil to about 80 mm at a concentration of 800 mg/L showing close efficiencies to the listed chemical surfactants. In addition, the physic–chemical characterization of the surface activities of ZNI5 BioS showed great thermal, pH and salts activity and stability enabling its use in the bioremediation fields and for diverse industrial applications.
Highlights
IntroductionBiosurfactants surface-active substances synthesized by living cells (bacteria, yeast and fungi) They are amphiphilic compounds with a hydrophilic (amino-acid or peptides; di- or polysaccharides; anions or cations) and hydrophobic moieties (saturated or unsaturated fatty acid) (Mnif &Ghribi 2015a)
Biosurfactants surface-active substances synthesized by living cells They are amphiphilic compounds with a hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties (Mnif &Ghribi 2015a)
Hemolytic activity can be applied as a preliminary screening method predicting the possibility of biosurfactant production and must be complemented by the measure of surface tension and oil dispersing activity
Summary
Biosurfactants surface-active substances synthesized by living cells (bacteria, yeast and fungi) They are amphiphilic compounds with a hydrophilic (amino-acid or peptides; di- or polysaccharides; anions or cations) and hydrophobic moieties (saturated or unsaturated fatty acid) (Mnif &Ghribi 2015a). Biosurfactants are well known by their ability to decrease the surface and interfacial tension at the surface and interface respectively (Mnif &Ghribi 2015a) Owing their large diversity, environmentally friendly nature, non-toxicity, large biodegradability and possibility of large-scale production, a great interest was spotted onto biosurfactants in recent years. Environmentally friendly nature, non-toxicity, large biodegradability and possibility of large-scale production, a great interest was spotted onto biosurfactants in recent years In addition to these properties, their numerous functional and biological activities and ability to function under extreme conditions of temperature, pH and salinity permit their application in various fields including food, agriculture, biomedical and environment (Mnif &Ghribi 2015a, Mnif &Ghribi 2015b, Mnif &Ghribi 2015c). Glycolipids and lipopeptides consisting of a fatty acid chain linked to a carbohydrate and peptidic moieties respectively are among the most recognized biosurfactants with a high structural versatility and various functional activities (Mnif &Ghribi 2015a)
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