Abstract
Characteristics of the ribosomes of skeletal muscle tissue were investigated by electron-microscopic and chemical analysis of fractions of RNP particles obtained from the tissues of the hind limb muscles of rats and the human rectus abdominis muscle. The fraction of RNP particles was shown to contain functionally active mono- and polyribosomes. Two RNA fractions were distinguished: RNAI and RNAII. The first, RNAI, is an assortment of ribosomal RNAs with sedimentation coefficients of 26–28S, 16–18S, and 4–5S; while RNAII does not contain ribosomal RNAs and is similar in its nucleotide composition to rat DNA. The structural organization of ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the muscle fibers corresponds to that observed in the fraction of RNP particles. Polysomes are found in areas of physiological regeneration of myofibrils and they consist of combinations of five or more monoribosomes, arranged like beads. Ribosome-like particles were seen to escape through the nuclear membrane; in conjunction with the results of chemical analysis this indicates the periodic passage of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm of the muscle fiber.
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