Abstract

5 mol% Ce3+-doped barium titanate nanoshell tubes were prepared via sol–gel method using as template a polycarbonate membrane with channels of 200nm diameter. FE-SEM analyses showed that continuous and uniform green tubes with length up to 15μm, an average outer diameter of 188.6nm and wall thickness of 15.1nm, were obtained. After calcination at 700°C for 1h, these amorphous 1D nanostructures were converted into polycrystalline tubes with an average outer diameter of 157.4nm and a grain size of 43.4nm, as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) indicated. Thermo-Raman investigations pointed out diffuse phase transitions, inducing the preservation of a stable polar state at higher temperatures (up to 200°C). Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) investigations on 5mol% Ce3+-doped BaTiO3 nanoshell tubes revealed ferroelectric and piezoelectric behaviour which recommends these tubes for microelectronic devices.

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