Abstract
We consider the factors responsible for the nucleophilicity and micellar effects of surfactants based on imidazole and pyridine, functionalized by an oximate group. The reactivity of the functional detergents, as for oximes not forming micelles, is described by a nonlinear Bronsted plot with an inflection point at the pKa of the oximate group, ~8.5-9.0. The major contribution to the increase in the degradation rate of ecotoxins by supernucleophilic systems based on functional surfactants (by a factor of 10to 10compared with the methyl analogs) comes from the effect of concentration of the substrate. The established characteristics make possible targeted modification of the surfactant structure and obtaining detergents with a specified reactivity level.
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