Abstract
Three antimicrobial nanoparticle types (AMNP0, AMNP1, and AMNP2) produced using the TesimaTM thermal plasma technology were investigated and their compositions were determined using a combination of analytical methods. Scanning electron micrographs provided the morphology of these particles with observed sizes ranging from 10 to 50 nm, whilst FTIR spectra confirmed the absence of polar bonds and organic impurities, and strong Raman active vibrational bands at ca. 1604 and 1311 cm−1 ascribed to C–C vibrational motions were observed. Carbon signals that resonated at δC 126 ppm in the solid state NMR spectra confirmed that sp2 hybridised carbons were present in high concentration in two of the nanoparticle types (AMNP1 and AMNP2). X-ray powder diffraction suggested that AMNP0 contains single phase Tungsten carbide (WC) in a high state of purity and multiple phases of WC/WC1-x were identified in both AMNP1 and AMNP2. Finally, X-ray photoelectron spectral (XPS) analyses revealed and quantified the elemental ratios in these composite formulations.
Highlights
Nanoparticles (NP) have been extensively investigated in biomedical applications ranging from biomaterials, diagnostics, to therapeutic treatments for cancers and other related diseases [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
These findings proved the novelty of antimicrobial nanoparticles (AMNP) in a cost-effective fashion for inhibiting microbial growth, which may bring major changes in policy and new regulations on the wider uses of nanoparticles in biomedical healthcare [7,16,30]
We report chemical analyses obtained from these AMNP series (AMNP0, AMNP1, and AMNP2) using a range of techniques including FTIR/Raman spectroscopy, Solid state Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, Powder X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy [37]
Summary
Nanoparticles (NP) have been extensively investigated in biomedical applications ranging from biomaterials, diagnostics, to therapeutic treatments for cancers and other related diseases [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Incremental nano-dosages increased the excitability in rat CA1 pyramidal neurons and confirmed a safety threshold of 0.05 wt % of injection suspension, which has provided an insight regarding the relative toxicity concern over the use of nanoparticles in biomedical engineering [27,28,29]. These findings proved the novelty of antimicrobial nanoparticles (AMNP) in a cost-effective fashion for inhibiting microbial growth, which may bring major changes in policy and new regulations on the wider uses of nanoparticles in biomedical healthcare [7,16,30]
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