Abstract
This chapter introduces the consistent and systematic form of representation of mathematical notation. Mathematics is a natural language, made up by humans, and contains just as many inconsistencies and arbitrary rules as any other natural language. In mathematics the x, y, z values represent the 3D coordinates. Coordinates of points come from the end of the alphabet (x, y, z). The beginning of the alphabet is used for polynomial coefficients (ax 2 + bx + c) or for the coordinates of lines and planes (ax + by + cz + dw). Foreign language fonts give a whole raft of new choices, each with their own conventional usage pattern. It's typical to use italics for scalar quantities (a, b, x, y) and boldface for vector and matrix quantities (pT..). A subscript notation is used to index elements of a vector P= (p0, p1, p2) or a matrix M1,2; and a superscript usually means exponentiation (ax3 +bx2). Sometimes, however, a superscript as a placeholder is used for another type of index, a covariant index [p0 pl p2 ].
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