Abstract
Abstract How shall we achieve agricultural mechanization: Should the state finance it or should we imitate the spirit of Tachai by relying mainly on the collective economy and mechanize through self-reliance with some state aid? Here as elsewhere, there exists the struggle between the two lines. The former involves the idea of a gift. It implies distrust of the peasant masses, and as a result, the activisim of the broad peasant masses in building a great socialist agriculture is inevitably suppressed. The latter is the Marxist-Leninist road to China's agricultural mechanization pointed out by Chairman Mao after summing up the historical experience of China and other countries. Marxism-Leninism contends that it is not heroes but slaves who create history. "Historical activities are the business of the masses." (27) "The vivacious and creative socialism is created by the people themselves." (28) "People, and only people, are the motive force in creating world history." (29) In more than twenty years, our basic experience in building socialism has been to rely on the masses. The people have not only been able to overthrow old systems and establish new systems, they have also been able to rely on the force which they organized among themselves to replace manual operation with machine operation, thus liberating their own hands. Relying mainly on the resources of the collective economy and mechanizing through self-reliance with some state aid is a vivid example of the mass line. The running of mechanization by the collective centralizes the ownership, management, and use of agricultural machines. This facilitates the mobilization of the activism of the broad masses of peasants and the creation of a mass movement to run agricultural mechanization in a big way. It facilitates the full exploitation of the advantages of agricultural machines and better serves the development of agricultural production. Hence, it facilitates the realization of agricultural mechanization in China with greater, faster, and better results at lower costs.
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