Abstract
Contact dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin, either acute or chronic, caused by irritants (irritant contact dermatitis) or allergens (allergic contact dermatitis). Irritant contact dermatitis is a nonallergic skin reaction caused by exposure to irritants that damage the epidermal cells of the skin, thereby activating the innate immune system to give an inflammatory skin reaction. Allergic contact dermatitis is a hypersensitivity skin reaction caused by exposure to a chemical allergen involving the activation of immune responses and release of inflammatory signals in the body. The best treatment for contact dermatitis is to avoid exposure to the irritant/allergenic agent(s), and the most reliable way of diagnosing the causative substance(s) is through patch testing. Although contact dermatitis may be triggered by exposure to many environmental chemicals, contact dermatitis to ingredients of personal care products (PCPs) is a common and growing problem in dermatology. This chapter discusses the increasing prevalence of PCP-related contact dermatitis among patch-tested patients, the common anatomical sites affected, and the main identified causative PCP ingredients.
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