Abstract
The advancement of layered two-dimensional (2D) materials is accelerated by significant interest and their potential applications. The atomically thin 2D materials contribute a broad range of basic constituents with exclusive optical, electrical, and thermal properties, which cannot be found in their bulk forms. Conversion of three-dimensional (3D) materials to 2D material structure introduces the effect of quantum confinement, which leads to a broader bandgaps and narrower peak PL emission compared to their 3D analogues. 2D material structures provide unique optical and electrical properties that derive from the surface effects and quantum confinement arises during the conversion of indirect bandgap to a direct bandgap as a result of scaled down of bulk structure to monolayers. The present tunable bandgap is accompanied by a large exciton-binding energy and intensified PL, which make them a potential candidate for various optoelectronic devices like light-emitting diodes, light-emitting transistors, and other optically pumped light–emitting devices.
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