Abstract
Rivers play an important role in providing water resources for human and ecosystem survival and health. In addition, rivers comprise the most important water resources for irrigation, domestic water supply, industrial uses, and other purposes in a watershed, so they tend to stimulate serious hygienic and ecological problems when pollution occurs. Most of the urban rivers have deteriorated due to high anthropogenic activities, urbanization practices, and irrigational and livestock activities along the river banks. In addition, with the continuous deterioration of river water quality, the development of the agricultural economy is seriously affected as well as the output and quality of grain and other crops. Therefore, it is crucial for environmental protection departments to monitor river water quality in real time effectively and conveniently. This chapter examines water quality detection technology as it pertains specifically to river waters, defining the important water quality parameters to be measured/detected, and lists detection methods and permissible limits as defined by WHO.
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