Abstract
Dental biofilm is a complex community of potentially cariogenic oral bacteria that produce acids in the presence of carbohydrates, resulting in a pH reduction, which leads to a loss of minerals from the tooth. Streptococcus mutans is the most commonly isolated species and the primary etiological pathogen associated with the formation of dental caries. The impairment of the growth of this bacteria or ability to adhere to tooth surfaces and be incorporated in the dental biofilm would be of relevance in the fight against tooth decay. Among the natural products capable of inhibiting the growth of cariogenic bacteria and avoiding tooth demineralization is the coffee species Coffea canephora. The anticariogenic effects of this species are mostly derived from its phenolic compounds, caffeine and trigonelline content. This chapter presents current evidence in support of the species C. canephora as a promising natural product that prevents caries disease due to its bioactive ingredients.
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