Abstract

This chapter presents economic theory and agrarian economics. Agrarian economics—the economics of an overpopulated agricultural economy and not merely agricultural economics—has had a very unfortunate history. Noncapitalist economies simply presented no interest for Classical economists. Marxists, on the other side, tackled the problem with their characteristic impetuosity, but proceeded from preconceived ideas about the laws of a peasant economy. An overt scorn for quantitative theoretical analysis, however, prevented the Agrarians from constructing a proper theory of their particular object of study, and consequently from making themselves understood outside their own circle. The agrarian economy has to this day remained a reality without a theory. And the topical interest of a sound economic policy in countries with a peasant overpopulation calls for such a theory as at no other time in history. The chapter discusses the basic features that differentiate an overpopulated agricultural economy from an advanced economy.

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