Chapter 5 - Energy use in mass transit

Abstract

The most significant environmental aspect of operating a mass transit network is the energy required. It is largely made up of fossil fuels, which need to be combusted either in the internal combustion engine of a bus or at an electricity-generating power plant. Both create emissions either as a mobile or stationary source, which is the most significant environmental impact of operating a mass transit network. Train systems need substations and transmission lines which receive their electricity from generating power plants, to supply electricity to power the trains. The train also uses electricity on board with lighting and display signs. There is considerable energy for the station, facilities, inspecting, maintaining, and cleaning subway cars. It takes energy to maintain, store, and fuel buses. Trains, either heavy rail or light rail, require electricity, which is still predominantly produced by fossil fuel combustion in the United States. Buses run on diesel fuel, compressed natural gas and more recently with electricity as part of an all-electric bus. The benefits of renewable energy sources, such as hydroelectric, solar, or wind power, which make up a lesser portion of electricity production and other alternative energy sources potentially can help reduce fossil fuel-derived energy.