Abstract
Plant tissue culture has broad applications in several areas. These applications are generally classified into three categories: basic research, environmental issues, and commercial applications. Basic application covers the concepts in understanding the physiology considering the molecular pathways in plant cells, whereas environmental application covers conservation strategies to preserve the elite germplasms for a longer time. Current research in plant tissue culture is highly focused on commercial applications such as crop improvement, secondary metabolite production, and various strategies for inducing genetic interference. Production of transgene and its stable expression through plant tissue culture supported by several genetic tools is again the most critical issue discussed nowadays. Incorporation of such genes produces stress tolerant plants with improved secondary metabolite production. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to critically assess the applications associated with the use of in vitro plant cells and organ cultures as research tools in various studies.
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