Abstract
Focal brain ischemia, if its duration is long enough, will lead to irreversible brain tissue pan-necrosis or infarction in the ischemic territory. However, if adequate blood supply to ischemic tissue is restored within a short period of either focal or global brain ischemia, neuronal death may occur selectively in some populations of neurons, whereas the others as well as glial and vascular cells are preserved, which is commonly referred to as selective neuronal death. It is generally held that acute ischemic cell death in the ischemic core after permanent or a long period of ischemia is typical necrotic cell death, as manifested by a cascade of events of energy failure, breakdown of transmembrane ionic gradients, cell swollen, followed by the loss of cell membrane integrity to initiate an inflammatory response. However, whether selective neuronal death is necrotic, apoptotic, or autophagic, cell death has been a subject of debate. This chapter will discuss the current status of neuronal death mechanisms after brain ischemia.
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