Abstract
This chapter discusses the calibration book, soundings, and ullages. The purpose of a calibration book is to give volumes, displacements and centre of gravity at pre-selected tank levels. A sounding is the vertical distance between the base of the tank and the surface of the liquid. A sounding pipe is a plastic pipe, down which a steel sounding tape is lowered. Ullage is the vertical distance between the surface of the liquid and the top of the ullage plug or top of the sounding pipe. There are four methods for reading soundings and ullages. A reading may be taken by using a steel measuring tape with a weight attached to its end, a calibrated glass tube, a Whessoe gastight tank gauge, or a Saab radar tank gauge. If the sounding pipe or ullage plug is not transversely in line with the tank's centerline, then an adjustment to the ullage reading must be made.
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